mirror of https://github.com/explosion/spaCy.git
308 lines
17 KiB
Markdown
308 lines
17 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: EntityLinker
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tag: class
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source: spacy/pipeline/entity_linker.py
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new: 2.2
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teaser: 'Pipeline component for named entity linking and disambiguation'
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api_base_class: /api/pipe
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api_string_name: entity_linker
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api_trainable: true
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---
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An `EntityLinker` component disambiguates textual mentions (tagged as named
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entities) to unique identifiers, grounding the named entities into the "real
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world". It requires a `KnowledgeBase`, as well as a function to generate
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plausible candidates from that `KnowledgeBase` given a certain textual mention,
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and a ML model to pick the right candidate, given the local context of the
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mention.
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## Config and implementation {#config}
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The default config is defined by the pipeline component factory and describes
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how the component should be configured. You can override its settings via the
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`config` argument on [`nlp.add_pipe`](/api/language#add_pipe) or in your
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[`config.cfg` for training](/usage/training#config). See the
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[model architectures](/api/architectures) documentation for details on the
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architectures and their arguments and hyperparameters.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> from spacy.pipeline.entity_linker import DEFAULT_NEL_MODEL
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> config = {
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> "labels_discard": [],
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> "incl_prior": True,
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> "incl_context": True,
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> "model": DEFAULT_NEL_MODEL,
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> "kb_loader": {'@assets': 'spacy.EmptyKB.v1', 'entity_vector_length': 64},
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> "get_candidates": {'@assets': 'spacy.CandidateGenerator.v1'},
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> }
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> nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker", config=config)
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> ```
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| Setting | Type | Description | Default |
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| ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `labels_discard` | `Iterable[str]` | NER labels that will automatically get a "NIL" prediction. | `[]` |
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| `incl_prior` | bool | Whether or not to include prior probabilities from the KB in the model. | `True` |
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| `incl_context` | bool | Whether or not to include the local context in the model. | `True` |
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| `model` | [`Model`](https://thinc.ai/docs/api-model) | The model to use. | [EntityLinker](/api/architectures#EntityLinker) |
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| `kb_loader` | `Callable[[Vocab], KnowledgeBase]` | Function that creates a [`KnowledgeBase`](/api/kb) from a `Vocab` instance. | An empty KnowledgeBase with `entity_vector_length` 64. |
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| `get_candidates` | `Callable[[KnowledgeBase, "Span"], Iterable[Candidate]]` | Function that generates plausible candidates for a given `Span` object. | Built-in dictionary-lookup function. |
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```python
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https://github.com/explosion/spaCy/blob/develop/spacy/pipeline/entity_linker.py
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```
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## EntityLinker.\_\_init\_\_ {#init tag="method"}
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> # Construction via add_pipe with default model
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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>
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> # Construction via add_pipe with custom model
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> config = {"model": {"@architectures": "my_el.v1"}}
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker", config=config)
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>
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> # Construction via add_pipe with custom KB and candidate generation
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> config = {"kb_loader": {"@assets": "my_kb.v1"}, "get_candidates": {"@assets": "my_candidates.v1"},}
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker", config=config)
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>
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> # Construction from class
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> from spacy.pipeline import EntityLinker
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab, model)
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> ```
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Create a new pipeline instance. In your application, you would normally use a
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shortcut for this and instantiate the component using its string name and
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[`nlp.add_pipe`](/api/language#add_pipe).
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Note that both the internal KB as well as the Candidate generator can be
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customized by providing custom registered functions.
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `vocab` | `Vocab` | The shared vocabulary. |
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| `model` | `Model` | The [`Model`](https://thinc.ai/docs/api-model) powering the pipeline component. |
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| `name` | str | String name of the component instance. Used to add entries to the `losses` during training. |
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| _keyword-only_ | | |
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| `kb_loader` | `Callable[[Vocab], KnowledgeBase]` | Function that creates a [`KnowledgeBase`](/api/kb) from a `Vocab` instance. |
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| `get_candidates` | `Callable[[KnowledgeBase, "Span"], Iterable[Candidate]]` | Function that generates plausible candidates for a given `Span` object. |
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| `labels_discard` | `Iterable[str]` | NER labels that will automatically get a "NIL" prediction. |
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| `incl_prior` | bool | Whether or not to include prior probabilities from the KB in the model. |
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| `incl_context` | bool | Whether or not to include the local context in the model. |
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## EntityLinker.\_\_call\_\_ {#call tag="method"}
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Apply the pipe to one document. The document is modified in place, and returned.
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This usually happens under the hood when the `nlp` object is called on a text
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and all pipeline components are applied to the `Doc` in order. Both
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[`__call__`](/api/entitylinker#call) and [`pipe`](/api/entitylinker#pipe)
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delegate to the [`predict`](/api/entitylinker#predict) and
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[`set_annotations`](/api/entitylinker#set_annotations) methods.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> doc = nlp("This is a sentence.")
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> # This usually happens under the hood
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> processed = entity_linker(doc)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | ----- | ------------------------ |
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| `doc` | `Doc` | The document to process. |
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| **RETURNS** | `Doc` | The processed document. |
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## EntityLinker.pipe {#pipe tag="method"}
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Apply the pipe to a stream of documents. This usually happens under the hood
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when the `nlp` object is called on a text and all pipeline components are
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applied to the `Doc` in order. Both [`__call__`](/api/entitylinker#call) and
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[`pipe`](/api/entitylinker#pipe) delegate to the
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[`predict`](/api/entitylinker#predict) and
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[`set_annotations`](/api/entitylinker#set_annotations) methods.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> for doc in entity_linker.pipe(docs, batch_size=50):
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> pass
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `stream` | `Iterable[Doc]` | A stream of documents. |
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| _keyword-only_ | | |
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| `batch_size` | int | The number of texts to buffer. Defaults to `128`. |
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| **YIELDS** | `Doc` | Processed documents in the order of the original text. |
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## EntityLinker.begin_training {#begin_training tag="method"}
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Initialize the pipe for training, using data examples if available. Returns an
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[`Optimizer`](https://thinc.ai/docs/api-optimizers) object.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker", last=True)
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> optimizer = entity_linker.begin_training(pipeline=nlp.pipeline)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `get_examples` | `Callable[[], Iterable[Example]]` | Optional function that returns gold-standard annotations in the form of [`Example`](/api/example) objects. |
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| _keyword-only_ | | |
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| `pipeline` | `List[Tuple[str, Callable]]` | Optional list of pipeline components that this component is part of. |
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| `sgd` | [`Optimizer`](https://thinc.ai/docs/api-optimizers) | An optional optimizer. Will be created via [`create_optimizer`](/api/dependencyparser#create_optimizer) if not set. |
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| **RETURNS** | [`Optimizer`](https://thinc.ai/docs/api-optimizers) | The optimizer. |
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## EntityLinker.predict {#predict tag="method"}
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Apply the pipeline's model to a batch of docs, without modifying them. Returns
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the KB IDs for each entity in each doc, including `NIL` if there is no
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prediction.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> kb_ids = entity_linker.predict([doc1, doc2])
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `docs` | `Iterable[Doc]` | The documents to predict. |
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| **RETURNS** | `List[str]` | The predicted KB identifiers for the entities in the `docs`. |
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## EntityLinker.set_annotations {#set_annotations tag="method"}
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Modify a batch of documents, using pre-computed entity IDs for a list of named
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entities.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> kb_ids = entity_linker.predict([doc1, doc2])
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> entity_linker.set_annotations([doc1, doc2], kb_ids)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `docs` | `Iterable[Doc]` | The documents to modify. |
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| `kb_ids` | `List[str]` | The knowledge base identifiers for the entities in the docs, predicted by `EntityLinker.predict`. |
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## EntityLinker.update {#update tag="method"}
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Learn from a batch of [`Example`](/api/example) objects, updating both the
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pipe's entity linking model and context encoder. Delegates to
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[`predict`](/api/entitylinker#predict).
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> optimizer = nlp.begin_training()
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> losses = entity_linker.update(examples, sgd=optimizer)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `examples` | `Iterable[Example]` | A batch of [`Example`](/api/example) objects to learn from. |
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| _keyword-only_ | | |
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| `drop` | float | The dropout rate. |
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| `set_annotations` | bool | Whether or not to update the `Example` objects with the predictions, delegating to [`set_annotations`](/api/textcategorizer#set_annotations). |
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| `sgd` | [`Optimizer`](https://thinc.ai/docs/api-optimizers) | The optimizer. |
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| `losses` | `Dict[str, float]` | Optional record of the loss during training. Updated using the component name as the key. |
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| **RETURNS** | `Dict[str, float]` | The updated `losses` dictionary. |
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## EntityLinker.create_optimizer {#create_optimizer tag="method"}
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Create an optimizer for the pipeline component.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> optimizer = entity_linker.create_optimizer()
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | --------------------------------------------------- | -------------- |
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| **RETURNS** | [`Optimizer`](https://thinc.ai/docs/api-optimizers) | The optimizer. |
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## EntityLinker.use_params {#use_params tag="method, contextmanager"}
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Modify the pipe's model, to use the given parameter values. At the end of the
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context, the original parameters are restored.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> with entity_linker.use_params(optimizer.averages):
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> entity_linker.to_disk("/best_model")
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------- | ---- | ----------------------------------------- |
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| `params` | dict | The parameter values to use in the model. |
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## EntityLinker.to_disk {#to_disk tag="method"}
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Serialize the pipe to disk.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> entity_linker.to_disk("/path/to/entity_linker")
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------------- | --------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `path` | str / `Path` | A path to a directory, which will be created if it doesn't exist. Paths may be either strings or `Path`-like objects. |
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| _keyword-only_ | | |
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| `exclude` | `Iterable[str]` | String names of [serialization fields](#serialization-fields) to exclude. |
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## EntityLinker.from_disk {#from_disk tag="method"}
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Load the pipe from disk. Modifies the object in place and returns it.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = nlp.add_pipe("entity_linker")
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> entity_linker.from_disk("/path/to/entity_linker")
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------------- | --------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `path` | str / `Path` | A path to a directory. Paths may be either strings or `Path`-like objects. |
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| _keyword-only_ | | |
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| `exclude` | `Iterable[str]` | String names of [serialization fields](#serialization-fields) to exclude. |
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| **RETURNS** | `EntityLinker` | The modified `EntityLinker` object. |
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## Serialization fields {#serialization-fields}
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During serialization, spaCy will export several data fields used to restore
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different aspects of the object. If needed, you can exclude them from
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serialization by passing in the string names via the `exclude` argument.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> data = entity_linker.to_disk("/path", exclude=["vocab"])
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> ```
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| Name | Description |
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| ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `vocab` | The shared [`Vocab`](/api/vocab). |
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| `cfg` | The config file. You usually don't want to exclude this. |
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| `model` | The binary model data. You usually don't want to exclude this. |
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| `kb` | The knowledge base. You usually don't want to exclude this. |
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