<!--- Provide a general summary of your changes in the title. -->
## Description
* tidy up and adjust Cython code to code style
* improve docstrings and make calling `help()` nicer
* add URLs to new docs pages to docstrings wherever possible, mostly to user-facing objects
* fix various typos and inconsistencies in docs
### Types of change
enhancement, docs
## Checklist
<!--- Before you submit the PR, go over this checklist and make sure you can
tick off all the boxes. [] -> [x] -->
- [x] I have submitted the spaCy Contributor Agreement.
- [x] I ran the tests, and all new and existing tests passed.
- [x] My changes don't require a change to the documentation, or if they do, I've added all required information.
* Fix matching on extension attrs and predicates
* Fix detection of match_id when using extension attributes. The match
ID is stored as the last entry in the pattern. We were checking for this
with nr_attr == 0, which didn't account for extension attributes.
* Fix handling of predicates. The wrong count was being passed through,
so even patterns that didn't have a predicate were being checked.
* Fix regex pattern
* Fix matcher set value test
* Add custom MatchPatternError
* Improve validators and add validation option to Matcher
* Adjust formatting
* Never validate in Matcher within PhraseMatcher
If we do decide to make validate default to True, the PhraseMatcher's Matcher shouldn't ever validate. Here, we create the patterns automatically anyways (and it's currently unclear whether the validation has performance impacts at a very large scale).
In most cases, the PhraseMatcher will match on the verbatim token text or as of v2.1, sometimes the lowercase text. This means that we only need a tokenized Doc, without any other attributes.
If phrase patterns are created by processing large terminology lists with the full `nlp` object, this easily can make things a lot slower, because all components will be applied, even if we don't actually need the attributes they set (like part-of-speech tags, dependency labels).
The warning message also includes a suggestion to use nlp.make_doc or nlp.tokenizer.pipe for even faster processing. For now, the validation has to be enabled explicitly by setting validate=True.
Matthew Honnibal