diff --git a/spacy/cli/debug_data.py b/spacy/cli/debug_data.py
index 688b07a9b..b9831fe0c 100644
--- a/spacy/cli/debug_data.py
+++ b/spacy/cli/debug_data.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from ..training.initialize import get_sourced_components
 from ..schemas import ConfigSchemaTraining
 from ..pipeline._parser_internals import nonproj
 from ..pipeline._parser_internals.nonproj import DELIMITER
-from ..pipeline import Morphologizer
+from ..pipeline import Morphologizer, SpanCategorizer
 from ..morphology import Morphology
 from ..language import Language
 from ..util import registry, resolve_dot_names
@@ -699,8 +699,34 @@ def _get_examples_without_label(data: Sequence[Example], label: str) -> int:
     return count
 
 
-def _get_labels_from_model(nlp: Language, pipe_name: str) -> Set[str]:
-    if pipe_name not in nlp.pipe_names:
-        return set()
-    pipe = nlp.get_pipe(pipe_name)
-    return set(pipe.labels)
+def _get_labels_from_model(
+    nlp: Language, factory_name: str
+) -> Set[str]:
+    pipe_names = [
+        pipe_name
+        for pipe_name in nlp.pipe_names
+        if nlp.get_pipe_meta(pipe_name).factory == factory_name
+    ]
+    labels: Set[str] = set()
+    for pipe_name in pipe_names:
+        pipe = nlp.get_pipe(pipe_name)
+        labels.update(pipe.labels)
+    return labels
+
+
+def _get_labels_from_spancat(
+    nlp: Language
+) -> Dict[str, Set[str]]:
+    pipe_names = [
+        pipe_name
+        for pipe_name in nlp.pipe_names
+        if nlp.get_pipe_meta(pipe_name).factory == "spancat"
+    ]
+    labels: Dict[str, Set[str]] = {}
+    for pipe_name in pipe_names:
+        pipe = nlp.get_pipe(pipe_name)
+        assert isinstance(pipe, SpanCategorizer)
+        if pipe.key not in labels:
+            labels[pipe.key] = set()
+        labels[pipe.key].update(pipe.labels)
+    return labels
diff --git a/spacy/tests/test_cli.py b/spacy/tests/test_cli.py
index b0862eab6..253469909 100644
--- a/spacy/tests/test_cli.py
+++ b/spacy/tests/test_cli.py
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ from spacy.cli._util import is_subpath_of, load_project_config
 from spacy.cli._util import parse_config_overrides, string_to_list
 from spacy.cli._util import substitute_project_variables
 from spacy.cli._util import validate_project_commands
+from spacy.cli.debug_data import _get_labels_from_model
+from spacy.cli.debug_data import _get_labels_from_spancat
 from spacy.cli.download import get_compatibility, get_version
 from spacy.cli.init_config import RECOMMENDATIONS, init_config, fill_config
 from spacy.cli.package import get_third_party_dependencies
@@ -665,3 +667,28 @@ def test_get_third_party_dependencies():
 )
 def test_is_subpath_of(parent, child, expected):
     assert is_subpath_of(parent, child) == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.slow
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "factory_name,pipe_name",
+    [
+        ("ner", "ner"),
+        ("ner", "my_ner"),
+        ("spancat", "spancat"),
+        ("spancat", "my_spancat"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_get_labels_from_model(factory_name, pipe_name):
+    labels = ("A", "B")
+
+    nlp = English()
+    pipe = nlp.add_pipe(factory_name, name=pipe_name)
+    for label in labels:
+        pipe.add_label(label)
+    nlp.initialize()
+    assert nlp.get_pipe(pipe_name).labels == labels
+    if factory_name == "spancat":
+        assert _get_labels_from_spancat(nlp)[pipe.key] == set(labels)
+    else:
+        assert _get_labels_from_model(nlp, factory_name) == set(labels)