spaCy/website/docs/usage/language-processing-pipelin...

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2016-10-31 18:04:15 +00:00
//- 💫 DOCS > USAGE > PIPELINE
include ../../_includes/_mixins
p
| The standard entry point into spaCy is the #[code spacy.load()]
| function, which constructs a language processing pipeline. The standard
| variable name for the language processing pipeline is #[code nlp], for
| Natural Language Processing. The #[code nlp] variable is usually an
| instance of class #[code spacy.language.Language]. For English, the
| #[code spacy.en.English] class is the default.
p
| You'll use the nlp instance to produce #[+api("doc") #[code Doc]]
| objects. You'll then use the #[code Doc] object to access linguistic
| annotations to help you with whatever text processing task you're
| trying to do.
+code.
import spacy # See "Installing spaCy"
nlp = spacy.load('en') # You are here.
doc = nlp(u'Hello, spacy!') # See "Using the pipeline"
print((w.text, w.pos_) for w in doc) # See "Doc, Span and Token"
+aside("Why do we have to preload?")
| Loading the models takes ~200x longer than
| processing a document. We therefore want to amortize the start-up cost
| across multiple invocations. It's often best to wrap the pipeline as a
| singleton. The library avoids doing that for you, because it's a
| difficult design to back out of.
p The #[code load] function takes the following positional arguments:
+table([ "Name", "Description" ])
+row
+cell #[code lang_id]
+cell
| An ID that is resolved to a class or factory function by
| #[code spacy.util.get_lang_class()]. Common values are
| #[code 'en'] for the English pipeline, or #[code 'de'] for the
| German pipeline. You can register your own factory function or
| class with #[code spacy.util.set_lang_class()].
p
| All keyword arguments are passed forward to the pipeline factory. No
| keyword arguments are required. The built-in factories (e.g.
| #[code spacy.en.English], #[code spacy.de.German]), which are subclasses
| of #[+api("language") #[code Language]], respond to the following
| keyword arguments:
+table([ "Name", "Description"])
+row
+cell #[code path]
+cell
| Where to load the data from. If None, the default data path is
| fetched via #[code spacy.util.get_data_path()]. You can
| configure this default using #[code spacy.util.set_data_path()].
| The data path is expected to be either a string, or an object
| responding to #[code thepathlib.Path] interface. If the path is
| a string, it will be immediately transformed into a
| #[code pathlib.Path] object. spaCy promises to never manipulate
| or open file-system paths as strings. All access to the
| file-system is done via the #[code pathlib.Path] interface.
| spaCy also promises to never check the type of path objects.
| This allows you to customize the loading behaviours in arbitrary
| ways, by creating your own object that implements the
| #[code pathlib.Path] interface.
+row
+cell #[code pipeline]
+cell
| A sequence of functions that take the Doc object and modify it
| in-place. See
| #[+a("customizing-pipeline") Customizing the pipeline].
+row
+cell #[code create_pipeline]
+cell
| Callback to construct the pipeline sequence. It should accept
| the #[code nlp] instance as its only argument, and return a
| sequence of functions that take the #[code Doc] object and
| modify it in-place.
| See #[+a("customizing-pipeline") Customizing the pipeline]. If
| a value is supplied to the pipeline keyword argument, the
| #[code create_pipeline] keyword argument is ignored.
+row
+cell #[code make_doc]
+cell A function that takes the input and returns a document object.
+row
+cell #[code create_make_doc]
+cell
| Callback to construct the #[code make_doc] function. It should
| accept the #[code nlp] instance as its only argument. To use the
| built-in annotation processes, it should return an object of
| type #[code Doc]. If a value is supplied to the #[code make_doc]
| keyword argument, the #[code create_make_doc] keyword argument
| is ignored.
+row
+cell #[vocab]
+cell Supply a pre-built Vocab instance, instead of constructing one.
+row
+cell #[code add_vectors]
+cell
| Callback that installs word vectors into the Vocab instance. The
| #[code add_vectors] callback should take a
| #[+api("vocab") #[code Vocab]] instance as its only argument,
| and set the word vectors and #[code vectors_length] in-place. See
| #[+a("word-vectors-similarities") Word Vectors and Similarities].
+row
+cell #[code tagger]
+cell Supply a pre-built tagger, instead of creating one.
+row
+cell #[code parser]
+cell Supply a pre-built parser, instead of creating one.
+row
+cell #[code entity]
+cell Supply a pre-built entity recognizer, instead of creating one.
+row
+cell #[code matcher]
+cell Supply a pre-built matcher, instead of creating one.