spaCy/website/docs/usage/101/_pipelines.mdx

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When you call `nlp` on a text, spaCy first tokenizes the text to produce a `Doc`
object. The `Doc` is then processed in several different steps this is also
referred to as the **processing pipeline**. The pipeline used by the
[trained pipelines](/models) typically include a tagger, a lemmatizer, a parser
and an entity recognizer. Each pipeline component returns the processed `Doc`,
which is then passed on to the next component.
Website migration from Gatsby to Next (#12058) * Rename all MDX file to `.mdx` * Lock current node version (#11885) * Apply Prettier (#11996) * Minor website fixes (#11974) [ci skip] * fix table * Migrate to Next WEB-17 (#12005) * Initial commit * Run `npx create-next-app@13 next-blog` * Install MDX packages Following: https://github.com/vercel/next.js/blob/77b5f79a4dff453abb62346bf75b14d859539b81/packages/next-mdx/readme.md * Add MDX to Next * Allow Next to handle `.md` and `.mdx` files. * Add VSCode extension recommendation * Disabled TypeScript strict mode for now * Add prettier * Apply Prettier to all files * Make sure to use correct Node version * Add basic implementation for `MDXRemote` * Add experimental Rust MDX parser * Add `/public` * Add SASS support * Remove default pages and styling * Convert to module This allows to use `import/export` syntax * Add import for custom components * Add ability to load plugins * Extract function This will make the next commit easier to read * Allow to handle directories for page creation * Refactoring * Allow to parse subfolders for pages * Extract logic * Redirect `index.mdx` to parent directory * Disabled ESLint during builds * Disabled typescript during build * Remove Gatsby from `README.md` * Rephrase Docker part of `README.md` * Update project structure in `README.md` * Move and rename plugins * Update plugin for wrapping sections * Add dependencies for plugin * Use plugin * Rename wrapper type * Simplify unnessary adding of id to sections The slugified section ids are useless, because they can not be referenced anywhere anyway. The navigation only works if the section has the same id as the heading. * Add plugin for custom attributes on Markdown elements * Add plugin to readd support for tables * Add plugin to fix problem with wrapped images For more details see this issue: https://github.com/mdx-js/mdx/issues/1798 * Add necessary meta data to pages * Install necessary dependencies * Remove outdated MDX handling * Remove reliance on `InlineList` * Use existing Remark components * Remove unallowed heading Before `h1` components where not overwritten and would never have worked and they aren't used anywhere either. * Add missing components to MDX * Add correct styling * Fix broken list * Fix broken CSS classes * Implement layout * Fix links * Fix broken images * Fix pattern image * Fix heading attributes * Rename heading attribute `new` was causing some weird issue, so renaming it to `version` * Update comment syntax in MDX * Merge imports * Fix markdown rendering inside components * Add model pages * Simplify anchors * Fix default value for theme * Add Universe index page * Add Universe categories * Add Universe projects * Fix Next problem with copy Next complains when the server renders something different then the client, therfor we move the differing logic to `useEffect` * Fix improper component nesting Next doesn't allow block elements inside a `<p>` * Replace landing page MDX with page component * Remove inlined iframe content * Remove ability to inline HTML content in iFrames * Remove MDX imports * Fix problem with image inside link in MDX * Escape character for MDX * Fix unescaped characters in MDX * Fix headings with logo * Allow to export static HTML pages * Add prebuild script This command is automatically run by Next * Replace `svg-loader` with `react-inlinesvg` `svg-loader` is no longer maintained * Fix ESLint `react-hooks/exhaustive-deps` * Fix dropdowns * Change code language from `cli` to `bash` * Remove unnessary language `none` * Fix invalid code language `markdown_` with an underscore was used to basically turn of syntax highlighting, but using unknown languages know throws an error. * Enable code blocks plugin * Readd `InlineCode` component MDX2 removed the `inlineCode` component > The special component name `inlineCode` was removed, we recommend to use `pre` for the block version of code, and code for both the block and inline versions Source: https://mdxjs.com/migrating/v2/#update-mdx-content * Remove unused code * Extract function to own file * Fix code syntax highlighting * Update syntax for code block meta data * Remove unused prop * Fix internal link recognition There is a problem with regex between Node and browser, and since Next runs the component on both, this create an error. `Prop `rel` did not match. Server: "null" Client: "noopener nofollow noreferrer"` This simplifies the implementation and fixes the above error. * Replace `react-helmet` with `next/head` * Fix `className` problem for JSX component * Fix broken bold markdown * Convert file to `.mjs` to be used by Node process * Add plugin to replace strings * Fix custom table row styling * Fix problem with `span` inside inline `code` React doesn't allow a `span` inside an inline `code` element and throws an error in dev mode. * Add `_document` to be able to customize `<html>` and `<body>` * Add `lang="en"` * Store Netlify settings in file This way we don't need to update via Netlify UI, which can be tricky if changing build settings. * Add sitemap * Add Smartypants * Add PWA support * Add `manifest.webmanifest` * Fix bug with anchor links after reloading There was no need for the previous implementation, since the browser handles this nativly. Additional the manual scrolling into view was actually broken, because the heading would disappear behind the menu bar. * Rename custom event I was googeling for ages to find out what kind of event `inview` is, only to figure out it was a custom event with a name that sounds pretty much like a native one. 🫠 * Fix missing comment syntax highlighting * Refactor Quickstart component The previous implementation was hidding the irrelevant lines via data-props and dynamically generated CSS. This created problems with Next and was also hard to follow. CSS was used to do what React is supposed to handle. The new implementation simplfy filters the list of children (React elements) via their props. * Fix syntax highlighting for Training Quickstart * Unify code rendering * Improve error logging in Juniper * Fix Juniper component * Automatically generate "Read Next" link * Add Plausible * Use recent DocSearch component and adjust styling * Fix images * Turn of image optimization > Image Optimization using Next.js' default loader is not compatible with `next export`. We currently deploy to Netlify via `next export` * Dont build pages starting with `_` * Remove unused files * Add Next plugin to Netlify * Fix button layout MDX automatically adds `p` tags around text on a new line and Prettier wants to put the text on a new line. Hacking with JSX string. * Add 404 page * Apply Prettier * Update Prettier for `package.json` Next sometimes wants to patch `package-lock.json`. The old Prettier setting indended with 4 spaces, but Next always indends with 2 spaces. Since `npm install` automatically uses the indendation from `package.json` for `package-lock.json` and to avoid the format switching back and forth, both files are now set to 2 spaces. * Apply Next patch to `package-lock.json` When starting the dev server Next would warn `warn - Found lockfile missing swc dependencies, patching...` and update the `package-lock.json`. These are the patched changes. * fix link Co-authored-by: Sofie Van Landeghem <svlandeg@users.noreply.github.com> * small backslash fixes * adjust to new style Co-authored-by: Marcus Blättermann <marcus@essenmitsosse.de>
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![The processing pipeline](/images/pipeline.svg)
> - **Name**: ID of the pipeline component.
> - **Component:** spaCy's implementation of the component.
> - **Creates:** Objects, attributes and properties modified and set by the
> component.
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| Name | Component | Creates | Description |
| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| **tokenizer** | [`Tokenizer`](/api/tokenizer) | `Doc` | Segment text into tokens. |
| _processing pipeline_ | | |
| **tagger** | [`Tagger`](/api/tagger) | `Token.tag` | Assign part-of-speech tags. |
| **parser** | [`DependencyParser`](/api/dependencyparser) | `Token.head`, `Token.dep`, `Doc.sents`, `Doc.noun_chunks` | Assign dependency labels. |
| **ner** | [`EntityRecognizer`](/api/entityrecognizer) | `Doc.ents`, `Token.ent_iob`, `Token.ent_type` | Detect and label named entities. |
| **lemmatizer** | [`Lemmatizer`](/api/lemmatizer) | `Token.lemma` | Assign base forms. |
| **textcat** | [`TextCategorizer`](/api/textcategorizer) | `Doc.cats` | Assign document labels. |
| **custom** | [custom components](/usage/processing-pipelines#custom-components) | `Doc._.xxx`, `Token._.xxx`, `Span._.xxx` | Assign custom attributes, methods or properties. |
The capabilities of a processing pipeline always depend on the components, their
models and how they were trained. For example, a pipeline for named entity
recognition needs to include a trained named entity recognizer component with a
statistical model and weights that enable it to **make predictions** of entity
labels. This is why each pipeline specifies its components and their settings in
the [config](/usage/training#config):
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```ini
[nlp]
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pipeline = ["tok2vec", "tagger", "parser", "ner"]
```
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<Accordion title="Does the order of pipeline components matter?" id="pipeline-components-order">
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The statistical components like the tagger or parser are typically independent
and don't share any data between each other. For example, the named entity
recognizer doesn't use any features set by the tagger and parser, and so on.
This means that you can swap them, or remove single components from the pipeline
without affecting the others. However, components may share a "token-to-vector"
component like [`Tok2Vec`](/api/tok2vec) or [`Transformer`](/api/transformer).
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You can read more about this in the docs on
[embedding layers](/usage/embeddings-transformers#embedding-layers).
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Custom components may also depend on annotations set by other components. For
example, a custom lemmatizer may need the part-of-speech tags assigned, so it'll
only work if it's added after the tagger. The parser will respect pre-defined
sentence boundaries, so if a previous component in the pipeline sets them, its
dependency predictions may be different. Similarly, it matters if you add the
[`EntityRuler`](/api/entityruler) before or after the statistical entity
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recognizer: if it's added before, the entity recognizer will take the existing
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entities into account when making predictions. The
[`EntityLinker`](/api/entitylinker), which resolves named entities to knowledge
base IDs, should be preceded by a pipeline component that recognizes entities
such as the [`EntityRecognizer`](/api/entityrecognizer).
</Accordion>
<Accordion title="Why is the tokenizer special?" id="pipeline-components-tokenizer">
The tokenizer is a "special" component and isn't part of the regular pipeline.
It also doesn't show up in `nlp.pipe_names`. The reason is that there can only
really be one tokenizer, and while all other pipeline components take a `Doc`
and return it, the tokenizer takes a **string of text** and turns it into a
`Doc`. You can still customize the tokenizer, though. `nlp.tokenizer` is
writable, so you can either create your own
[`Tokenizer` class from scratch](/usage/linguistic-features#native-tokenizers),
or even replace it with an
[entirely custom function](/usage/linguistic-features#custom-tokenizer).
</Accordion>
---