mirror of https://github.com/Textualize/rich.git
107 lines
5.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
107 lines
5.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
Introduction
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============
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Rich is a Python library for writing *rich* text (with color and style) to the terminal, and for displaying advanced content such as tables, markdown, and syntax highlighted code.
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Use Rich to make your command line applications visually appealing and present data in a more readable way. Rich can also be a useful debugging aid by pretty printing and syntax highlighting data structures.
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Requirements
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------------
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Rich works with macOS, Linux and Windows.
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On Windows both the (ancient) cmd.exe terminal is supported and the new `Windows Terminal <https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/releases>`_. The latter has much improved support for color and style.
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Rich requires Python 3.7.0 and above.
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.. note::
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PyCharm users will need to enable "emulate terminal" in output console option in run/debug configuration to see styled output.
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Installation
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------------
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You can install Rich from PyPI with `pip` or your favorite package manager::
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pip install rich
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Add the ``-U`` switch to update to the current version, if Rich is already installed.
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If you intend to use Rich with Jupyter then there are some additional dependencies which you can install with the following command::
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pip install "rich[jupyter]"
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Quick Start
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-----------
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The quickest way to get up and running with Rich is to import the alternative ``print`` function which takes the same arguments as the built-in ``print`` and may be used as a drop-in replacement. Here's how you would do that::
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from rich import print
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You can then print strings or objects to the terminal in the usual way. Rich will do some basic syntax :ref:`highlighting<highlighting>` and format data structures to make them easier to read.
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Strings may contain :ref:`console_markup` which can be used to insert color and styles in to the output.
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The following demonstrates both console markup and pretty formatting of Python objects::
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>>> print("[italic red]Hello[/italic red] World!", locals())
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This writes the following output to the terminal (including all the colors and styles):
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.. raw:: html
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<pre style="font-family:Menlo,'DejaVu Sans Mono',consolas,'Courier New',monospace"><span style="color: #800000; font-style: italic">Hello</span> World!
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<span style="font-weight: bold">{</span>
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<span style="color: #008000">'__annotations__'</span>: <span style="font-weight: bold">{}</span>,
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<span style="color: #008000">'__builtins__'</span>: <span style="font-weight: bold"><</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">module</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #008000">'builtins'</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold">(</span><span style="color: #000000">built-in</span><span style="color: #000000; font-weight: bold">)</span><span style="font-weight: bold">></span>,
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<span style="color: #008000">'__doc__'</span>: <span style="color: #800080; font-style: italic">None</span>,
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<span style="color: #008000">'__loader__'</span>: <span style="font-weight: bold"><</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> </span><span style="color: #008000">'_frozen_importlib.BuiltinImporter'</span><span style="font-weight: bold">></span>,
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<span style="color: #008000">'__name__'</span>: <span style="color: #008000">'__main__'</span>,
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<span style="color: #008000">'__package__'</span>: <span style="color: #800080; font-style: italic">None</span>,
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<span style="color: #008000">'__spec__'</span>: <span style="color: #800080; font-style: italic">None</span>,
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<span style="color: #008000">'print'</span>: <span style="font-weight: bold"><</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> print at </span><span style="color: #000080; font-weight: bold">0x1027fd4c0</span><span style="font-weight: bold">></span>,
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<span style="font-weight: bold">}</span> </pre>
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If you would rather not shadow Python's built-in print, you can import ``rich.print`` as ``rprint`` (for example)::
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from rich import print as rprint
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Continue reading to learn about the more advanced features of Rich.
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Rich in the REPL
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----------------
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Rich may be installed in the REPL so that Python data structures are automatically pretty printed with syntax highlighting. Here's how::
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>>> from rich import pretty
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>>> pretty.install()
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>>> ["Rich and pretty", True]
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You can also use this feature to try out Rich *renderables*. Here's an example::
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>>> from rich.panel import Panel
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>>> Panel.fit("[bold yellow]Hi, I'm a Panel", border_style="red")
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Read on to learn more about Rich renderables.
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IPython Extension
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Rich also includes an IPython extension that will do this same pretty install + pretty tracebacks. Here's how to load it::
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In [1]: %load_ext rich
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You can also have it load by default by adding `"rich"` to the ``c.InteractiveShellApp.extension`` variable in
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`IPython Configuration <https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config/intro.html>`_.
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Rich Inspect
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------------
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Rich has an :meth:`~rich.inspect` function which can generate a report on any Python object. It is a fantastic debug aid, and a good example of the output that Rich can generate. Here is a simple example::
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>>> from rich import inspect
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>>> from rich.color import Color
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>>> color = Color.parse("red")
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>>> inspect(color, methods=True)
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