(loading_packages)= # Loading packages Only the Python standard library is available after importing Pyodide. To use other packages, you’ll need to load them using either: - {any}`pyodide.loadPackage` for packages built with Pyodide, or - {any}`micropip.install` for pure Python packages with wheels available on PyPi or from other URLs. ```{note} {mod}`micropip` can also be used to load packages built in Pyodide (in which case it relies on {any}`pyodide.loadPackage`). ``` If you use {any}`pyodide.loadPackagesFromImports` Pyodide will automatically download all packages that the code snippet imports. This is particularly useful for making a repl since users might import unexpected packages. At present, `loadPackagesFromImports` will not download packages from PyPi, it will only download packages included in the Pyodide distribution. ## Loading packages with {any}`pyodide.loadPackage` Packages included in the official Pyodide repository can be loaded using {any}`pyodide.loadPackage`: ```js pyodide.loadPackage('numpy'); ``` It is also possible to load packages from custom URLs: ```js pyodide.loadPackage('https://foo/bar/numpy.js'); ``` The file name in the URL must be `/.js` and there must be an accompanying `.data` file in the same directory. When you request a package from the official repository, all of that package's dependencies are also loaded. Dependency resolution is not yet implemented when loading packages from custom URLs. In general, loading a package twice is not permitted. However, one can override a dependency by loading a custom URL with the same package name before loading the dependent package. Multiple packages can also be loaded at the same time by passing a list to `loadPackage. ```js pyodide.loadPackage(['cycler', 'pytz']); ``` {any}`pyodide.loadPackage` returns a `Promise` which resolves when all of the packages are finished loading: ```javascript let pyodide; async function main(){ pyodide = await loadPyodide({ 'indexURL' : '' }); await pyodide.loadPackage('matplotlib'); // matplotlib is now available } main(); ``` (micropip)= ## Micropip ### Installing packages from PyPI Pyodide supports installing pure Python wheels from PyPI with {mod}`micropip`. {func}`micropip.install` returns a Python `Future `_ so you can await the future or otherwise use the Python future API to do work once the packages have finished loading: ```pyodide pyodide.runPythonAsync(` import micropip await micropip.install('snowballstemmer') import snowballstemmer stemmer = snowballstemmer.stemmer('english') print(stemmer.stemWords('go goes going gone'.split())) `); ``` Micropip implements file integrity validation by checking the hash of the downloaded wheel against pre-recorded hash digests from the PyPi JSON API. (micropip-installing-from-arbitrary-urls)= ### Installing wheels from arbitrary URLs Pure Python wheels can also be installed from any URL with {mod}`micropip`, ```py import micropip micropip.install( 'https://example.com/files/snowballstemmer-2.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl' ) ``` Micropip decides whether a file is a URL based on whether it ends in ".whl" or not. The wheel name in the URL must follow [PEP 427 naming convention](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0427/#file-format), which will be the case if the wheels is made using standard Python tools (`pip wheel`, `setup.py bdist_wheel`). All required dependencies must have been previously installed with {mod}`micropip` or {any}`pyodide.loadPackage`. If the file is on a remote server, the server must set Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) headers to allow access. Otherwise, you can prepend a CORS proxy to the URL. Note however that using third-party CORS proxies has security implications, particularly since we are not able to check the file integrity, unlike with installs from PyPi. ## Example ```html ```