.. _android: Android ======= Android has a great and extensive API to control devices, your application etc. Some parts of the Android API are directly accessible with Pyjnius but some of them require you to code in Java. Get the DPI ----------- The `DisplayMetrics `_ contains multiple fields that can return a lot of information about the device's screen:: from jnius import autoclass DisplayMetrics = autoclass('android.util.DisplayMetrics') metrics = DisplayMetrics() print 'DPI', metrics.getDeviceDensity() .. Note :: To access nested classes, use `$` like: `autoclass('android.provider.MediaStore$Images$Media')`. Recording an audio file ----------------------- By looking at the `Audio Capture `_ guide for Android, you can see the simple steps for recording an audio file. Let's do it with Pyjnius:: from jnius import autoclass from time import sleep # get the needed Java classes MediaRecorder = autoclass('android.media.MediaRecorder') AudioSource = autoclass('android.media.MediaRecorder$AudioSource') OutputFormat = autoclass('android.media.MediaRecorder$OutputFormat') AudioEncoder = autoclass('android.media.MediaRecorder$AudioEncoder') # create out recorder mRecorder = MediaRecorder() mRecorder.setAudioSource(AudioSource.MIC) mRecorder.setOutputFormat(OutputFormat.THREE_GPP) mRecorder.setOutputFile('/sdcard/testrecorder.3gp') mRecorder.setAudioEncoder(AudioEncoder.AMR_NB) mRecorder.prepare() # record 5 seconds mRecorder.start() sleep(5) mRecorder.stop() mRecorder.release() And tada, you'll have a `/sdcard/testrecorder.3gp` file! Playing an audio file --------------------- Following the previous section on how to record an audio file, you can read it using the Android Media Player too:: from jnius import autoclass from time import sleep # get the MediaPlayer java class MediaPlayer = autoclass('android.media.MediaPlayer') # create our player mPlayer = MediaPlayer() mPlayer.setDataSource('/sdcard/testrecorder.3gp') mPlayer.prepare() # play print 'duration:', mPlayer.getDuration() mPlayer.start() print 'current position:', mPlayer.getCurrentPosition() sleep(5) # then after the play: mPlayer.release() Accessing the Activity ---------------------- This example will show how to start a new Intent. Be careful: some Intents require you to setup parts in the `AndroidManifest.xml` and have some actions performed within your Activity. This is out of the scope of Pyjnius but we'll show you what the best approach is for playing with it. Using the Python-for-android project, you can access the default `PythonActivity`. Let's look at an example that demonstrates the `Intent.ACTION_VIEW`:: from jnius import cast from jnius import autoclass # import the needed Java class PythonActivity = autoclass('org.renpy.android.PythonActivity') Intent = autoclass('android.content.Intent') Uri = autoclass('android.net.Uri') # create the intent intent = Intent() intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW) intent.setData(Uri.parse('http://kivy.org')) # PythonActivity.mActivity is the instance of the current Activity # BUT, startActivity is a method from the Activity class, not from our # PythonActivity. # We need to cast our class into an activity and use it currentActivity = cast('android.app.Activity', PythonActivity.mActivity) currentActivity.startActivity(intent) # The website will open. Accelerometer access -------------------- The accelerometer is a good example that shows how to write a little Java code that you can access later with Pyjnius. The `SensorManager `_ lets you access the device's sensors. To use it, you need to register a `SensorEventListener `_ and overload 2 abstract methods: `onAccuracyChanged` and `onSensorChanged`. Open your python-for-android distribution, go in the `src` directory, and create a file `org/myapp/Hardware.java`. In this file, you will create everything needed for accessing the accelerometer:: package org.myapp; import org.renpy.android.PythonActivity; import android.content.Context; import android.hardware.Sensor; import android.hardware.SensorEvent; import android.hardware.SensorEventListener; import android.hardware.SensorManager; public class Hardware { // Contain the last event we got from the listener static public SensorEvent lastEvent = null; // Define a new listener static class AccelListener implements SensorEventListener { public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent ev) { lastEvent = ev; } public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor , int accuracy) { } } // Create our listener static AccelListener accelListener = new AccelListener(); // Method to activate/deactivate the accelerometer service and listener static void accelerometerEnable(boolean enable) { Context context = (Context) PythonActivity.mActivity; SensorManager sm = (SensorManager) context.getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE); Sensor accel = sm.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER); if (accel == null) return; if (enable) sm.registerListener(accelListener, accel, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_GAME); else sm.unregisterListener(accelListener, accel); } } So we created one method named `accelerometerEnable` to activate/deactivate the listener. And we saved the last event received in `Hardware.lastEvent`. Now you can use it in Pyjnius:: from time import sleep from jnius import autoclass Hardware = autoclass('org.myapp.Hardware') # activate the accelerometer Hardware.accelerometerEnable(True) # read it for i in xrange(20): # read the last event lastEvent = Hardware.lastEvent # we might not get any events. if not lastEvent: continue # show the current values! print lastEvent.values sleep(.1) # don't forget to deactivate it Hardware.accelerometerEnable(False) You'll obtain something like this:: [-0.0095768067985773087, 9.4235782623291016, 2.2122423648834229] ... Using TextToSpeech ------------------ Same as the audio capture, by looking at the `An introduction to Text-To-Speech in Android `_ blog post, it's easy to do it with Pyjnius:: from jnius import autoclass Locale = autoclass('java.util.Locale') PythonActivity = autoclass('org.renpy.android.PythonActivity') TextToSpeech = autoclass('android.speech.tts.TextToSpeech') tts = TextToSpeech(PythonActivity.mActivity, None) # Play something in english tts.setLanguage(Locale.US) tts.speak('Hello World.', TextToSpeech.QUEUE_FLUSH, None) # Queue something in french tts.setLanguage(Locale.FRANCE) tts.speak('Bonjour tout le monde.', TextToSpeech.QUEUE_ADD, None)