oss-fuzz/infra/helper.py

850 lines
25 KiB
Python
Executable File

#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2016 Google Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
################################################################################
from __future__ import print_function
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool as ThreadPool
import argparse
import datetime
import errno
import multiprocessing
import os
import pipes
import re
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
import templates
OSSFUZZ_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
BUILD_DIR = os.path.join(OSSFUZZ_DIR, 'build')
BASE_IMAGES = [
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-image',
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-clang',
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-builder',
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-runner',
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-runner-debug',
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-msan-builder',
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/msan-builder',
]
VALID_PROJECT_NAME_REGEX = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$')
MAX_PROJECT_NAME_LENGTH = 26
if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
raw_input = input
CORPUS_URL_FORMAT = (
'gs://{project_name}-corpus.clusterfuzz-external.appspot.com/libFuzzer/'
'{fuzz_target}/')
CORPUS_BACKUP_URL_FORMAT = (
'gs://{project_name}-backup.clusterfuzz-external.appspot.com/corpus/'
'libFuzzer/{fuzz_target}/')
def main():
os.chdir(OSSFUZZ_DIR)
if not os.path.exists(BUILD_DIR):
os.mkdir(BUILD_DIR)
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('helper.py', description='oss-fuzz helpers')
subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest='command')
generate_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'generate', help='Generate files for new project.')
generate_parser.add_argument('project_name')
build_image_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'build_image', help='Build an image.')
build_image_parser.add_argument('project_name')
build_image_parser.add_argument('--pull', action='store_true',
help='Pull latest base image.')
build_image_parser.add_argument('--no-pull', action='store_true',
help='Do not pull latest base image.')
build_fuzzers_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'build_fuzzers', help='Build fuzzers for a project.')
_add_architecture_args(build_fuzzers_parser)
_add_engine_args(build_fuzzers_parser)
_add_sanitizer_args(build_fuzzers_parser)
_add_environment_args(build_fuzzers_parser)
build_fuzzers_parser.add_argument('project_name')
build_fuzzers_parser.add_argument('source_path', help='path of local source',
nargs='?')
build_fuzzers_parser.add_argument('--clean', dest='clean',
action='store_true',
help='clean existing artifacts.')
build_fuzzers_parser.add_argument('--no-clean', dest='clean',
action='store_false',
help='do not clean existing artifacts '
'(default).')
build_fuzzers_parser.set_defaults(clean=False)
check_build_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'check_build', help='Checks that fuzzers execute without errors.')
_add_architecture_args(check_build_parser)
_add_engine_args(check_build_parser, choices=['libfuzzer', 'afl', 'dataflow'])
_add_sanitizer_args(
check_build_parser, choices=['address', 'memory', 'undefined', 'dataflow'])
_add_environment_args(check_build_parser)
check_build_parser.add_argument('project_name', help='name of the project')
check_build_parser.add_argument(
'fuzzer_name', help='name of the fuzzer', nargs='?')
run_fuzzer_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'run_fuzzer', help='Run a fuzzer in the emulated fuzzing environment.')
_add_engine_args(run_fuzzer_parser)
_add_sanitizer_args(run_fuzzer_parser)
_add_environment_args(run_fuzzer_parser)
run_fuzzer_parser.add_argument('project_name', help='name of the project')
run_fuzzer_parser.add_argument('fuzzer_name', help='name of the fuzzer')
run_fuzzer_parser.add_argument('fuzzer_args', help='arguments to pass to the fuzzer',
nargs=argparse.REMAINDER)
coverage_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'coverage', help='Generate code coverage report for the project.')
coverage_parser.add_argument('--no-corpus-download', action='store_true',
help='do not download corpus backup from '
'OSS-Fuzz; use corpus located in '
'build/corpus/<project>/<fuzz_target>/')
coverage_parser.add_argument('--port', default='8008', help='specify port for'
' a local HTTP server rendering coverage report')
coverage_parser.add_argument('--fuzz-target', help='specify name of a fuzz '
'target to be run for generating coverage '
'report')
coverage_parser.add_argument('--corpus-dir', help='specify location of corpus'
' to be used (requires --fuzz-target argument)')
coverage_parser.add_argument('project_name', help='name of the project')
coverage_parser.add_argument('extra_args', help='additional arguments to '
'pass to llvm-cov utility.', nargs='*')
download_corpora_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'download_corpora', help='Download all corpora for a project.')
download_corpora_parser.add_argument('--fuzz-target', help='specify name of a fuzz target')
download_corpora_parser.add_argument('project_name', help='name of the project')
reproduce_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'reproduce', help='Reproduce a crash.')
reproduce_parser.add_argument('--valgrind', action='store_true',
help='run with valgrind')
reproduce_parser.add_argument('project_name', help='name of the project')
reproduce_parser.add_argument('fuzzer_name', help='name of the fuzzer')
reproduce_parser.add_argument('testcase_path', help='path of local testcase')
reproduce_parser.add_argument('fuzzer_args', help='arguments to pass to the fuzzer',
nargs=argparse.REMAINDER)
_add_environment_args(reproduce_parser)
shell_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
'shell', help='Run /bin/bash within the builder container.')
shell_parser.add_argument('project_name', help='name of the project')
_add_architecture_args(shell_parser)
_add_engine_args(shell_parser)
_add_sanitizer_args(shell_parser)
_add_environment_args(shell_parser)
pull_images_parser = subparsers.add_parser('pull_images',
help='Pull base images.')
args = parser.parse_args()
# We have different default values for `sanitizer` depending on the `engine`.
# Some commands do not have `sanitizer` argument, so `hasattr` is necessary.
if hasattr(args, 'sanitizer') and not args.sanitizer:
if args.engine == 'dataflow':
args.sanitizer = 'dataflow'
else:
args.sanitizer = 'address'
if args.command == 'generate':
return generate(args)
elif args.command == 'build_image':
return build_image(args)
elif args.command == 'build_fuzzers':
return build_fuzzers(args)
elif args.command == 'check_build':
return check_build(args)
elif args.command == 'download_corpora':
return download_corpora(args)
elif args.command == 'run_fuzzer':
return run_fuzzer(args)
elif args.command == 'coverage':
return coverage(args)
elif args.command == 'reproduce':
return reproduce(args)
elif args.command == 'shell':
return shell(args)
elif args.command == 'pull_images':
return pull_images(args)
return 0
def _is_base_image(image_name):
"""Checks if the image name is a base image."""
return os.path.exists(os.path.join('infra', 'base-images', image_name))
def _check_project_exists(project_name):
"""Checks if a project exists."""
if not os.path.exists(_get_project_dir(project_name)):
print(project_name, 'does not exist', file=sys.stderr)
return False
return True
def _check_fuzzer_exists(project_name, fuzzer_name):
"""Checks if a fuzzer exists."""
command = ['docker', 'run', '--rm']
command.extend(['-v', '%s:/out' % _get_output_dir(project_name)])
command.append('ubuntu:16.04')
command.extend(['/bin/bash', '-c', 'test -f /out/%s' % fuzzer_name])
try:
subprocess.check_call(command)
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
print(fuzzer_name,
'does not seem to exist. Please run build_fuzzers first.',
file=sys.stderr)
return False
return True
def _get_absolute_path(path):
"""Returns absolute path with user expansion."""
return os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(path))
def _get_command_string(command):
"""Returns a shell escaped command string."""
return ' '.join(pipes.quote(part) for part in command)
def _get_project_dir(project_name):
"""Returns path to the project."""
return os.path.join(OSSFUZZ_DIR, 'projects', project_name)
def _get_dockerfile_path(project_name):
"""Returns path to the project Dockerfile."""
return os.path.join(_get_project_dir(project_name), 'Dockerfile')
def _get_corpus_dir(project_name=''):
"""Returns path to /corpus directory for the given project (if specified)."""
return os.path.join(BUILD_DIR, 'corpus', project_name)
def _get_output_dir(project_name=''):
"""Returns path to /out directory for the given project (if specified)."""
return os.path.join(BUILD_DIR, 'out', project_name)
def _get_work_dir(project_name=''):
"""Returns path to /work directory for the given project (if specified)."""
return os.path.join(BUILD_DIR, 'work', project_name)
def _add_architecture_args(parser, choices=('x86_64', 'i386')):
"""Add common architecture args."""
parser.add_argument('--architecture', default='x86_64', choices=choices)
def _add_engine_args(
parser,
choices=('libfuzzer', 'afl', 'honggfuzz', 'dataflow', 'none')):
"""Add common engine args."""
parser.add_argument('--engine', default='libfuzzer', choices=choices)
def _add_sanitizer_args(
parser,
choices=('address', 'memory', 'undefined', 'coverage', 'dataflow')):
"""Add common sanitizer args."""
parser.add_argument(
'--sanitizer',
default=None,
choices=choices,
help='the default is "address"; "dataflow" for "dataflow" engine')
def _add_environment_args(parser):
"""Add common environment args."""
parser.add_argument('-e', action='append',
help="set environment variable e.g. VAR=value")
def _build_image(image_name, no_cache=False, pull=False):
"""Build image."""
is_base_image = _is_base_image(image_name)
if is_base_image:
image_project = 'oss-fuzz-base'
dockerfile_dir = os.path.join('infra', 'base-images', image_name)
else:
image_project = 'oss-fuzz'
if not _check_project_exists(image_name):
return False
dockerfile_dir = os.path.join('projects', image_name)
build_args = []
if no_cache:
build_args.append('--no-cache')
build_args += ['-t', 'gcr.io/%s/%s' % (image_project, image_name), dockerfile_dir]
return docker_build(build_args, pull=pull)
def _env_to_docker_args(env_list):
"""Turn envirnoment variable list into docker arguments."""
return sum([['-e', v] for v in env_list], [])
def _workdir_from_dockerfile(project_name):
"""Parse WORKDIR from the Dockerfile for the given project."""
WORKDIR_REGEX = re.compile(r'\s*WORKDIR\s*([^\s]+)')
dockerfile_path = _get_dockerfile_path(project_name)
with open(dockerfile_path) as f:
lines = f.readlines()
for line in reversed(lines): # reversed to get last WORKDIR.
match = re.match(WORKDIR_REGEX, line)
if match:
workdir = match.group(1)
workdir = workdir.replace('$SRC', '/src')
if not os.path.isabs(workdir):
workdir = os.path.join('/src', workdir)
return os.path.normpath(workdir)
return os.path.join('/src', project_name)
def docker_run(run_args, print_output=True):
"""Call `docker run`."""
command = ['docker', 'run', '--rm', '-i', '--privileged']
command.extend(run_args)
print('Running:', _get_command_string(command))
stdout = None
if not print_output:
stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w')
try:
subprocess.check_call(command, stdout=stdout, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
return e.returncode
return 0
def docker_build(build_args, pull=False):
"""Call `docker build`."""
command = ['docker', 'build']
if pull:
command.append('--pull')
command.extend(build_args)
print('Running:', _get_command_string(command))
try:
subprocess.check_call(command)
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
print('docker build failed.', file=sys.stderr)
return False
return True
def docker_pull(image, pull=False):
"""Call `docker pull`."""
command = ['docker', 'pull', image]
print('Running:', _get_command_string(command))
try:
subprocess.check_call(command)
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
print('docker pull failed.', file=sys.stderr)
return False
return True
def build_image(args):
"""Build docker image."""
if args.pull and args.no_pull:
print('Incompatible arguments --pull and --no-pull.')
return 1
if args.pull:
pull = True
elif args.no_pull:
pull = False
else:
y_or_n = raw_input('Pull latest base images (compiler/runtime)? (y/N): ')
pull = y_or_n.lower() == 'y'
if pull:
print('Pulling latest base images...')
else:
print('Using cached base images...')
# If build_image is called explicitly, don't use cache.
if _build_image(args.project_name, no_cache=True, pull=pull):
return 0
return 1
def build_fuzzers(args):
"""Build fuzzers."""
project_name = args.project_name
if not _build_image(args.project_name):
return 1
project_out_dir = _get_output_dir(project_name)
if args.clean:
print('Cleaning existing build artifacts.')
# Clean old and possibly conflicting artifacts in project's out directory.
docker_run([
'-v', '%s:/out' % project_out_dir,
'-t', 'gcr.io/oss-fuzz/%s' % project_name,
'/bin/bash', '-c', 'rm -rf /out/*'
])
else:
print('Keeping existing build artifacts as-is (if any).')
env = [
'FUZZING_ENGINE=' + args.engine,
'SANITIZER=' + args.sanitizer,
'ARCHITECTURE=' + args.architecture,
]
if args.e:
env += args.e
project_work_dir = _get_work_dir(project_name)
# Copy instrumented libraries.
if args.sanitizer == 'memory':
docker_run([
'-v', '%s:/work' % project_work_dir,
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/msan-builder',
'bash', '-c', 'cp -r /msan /work'])
env.append('MSAN_LIBS_PATH=' + '/work/msan')
command = (
['docker', 'run', '--rm', '-i', '--cap-add', 'SYS_PTRACE'] +
_env_to_docker_args(env))
if args.source_path:
workdir = _workdir_from_dockerfile(args.project_name)
if workdir == '/src':
print('Cannot use local checkout with "WORKDIR /src".', file=sys.stderr)
return 1
command += [
'-v',
'%s:%s' % (_get_absolute_path(args.source_path), workdir),
]
command += [
'-v', '%s:/out' % project_out_dir,
'-v', '%s:/work' % project_work_dir,
'-t', 'gcr.io/oss-fuzz/%s' % project_name
]
print('Running:', _get_command_string(command))
try:
subprocess.check_call(command)
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
print('Fuzzers build failed.', file=sys.stderr)
return 1
# Patch MSan builds to use instrumented shared libraries.
if args.sanitizer == 'memory':
docker_run([
'-v', '%s:/out' % project_out_dir,
'-v', '%s:/work' % project_work_dir
] + _env_to_docker_args(env) + [
'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-msan-builder',
'patch_build.py', '/out'
])
return 0
def check_build(args):
"""Checks that fuzzers in the container execute without errors."""
if not _check_project_exists(args.project_name):
return 1
if (args.fuzzer_name and
not _check_fuzzer_exists(args.project_name, args.fuzzer_name)):
return 1
env = [
'FUZZING_ENGINE=' + args.engine,
'SANITIZER=' + args.sanitizer,
'ARCHITECTURE=' + args.architecture,
]
if args.e:
env += args.e
run_args = _env_to_docker_args(env) + [
'-v', '%s:/out' % _get_output_dir(args.project_name),
'-t', 'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-runner'
]
if args.fuzzer_name:
run_args += [
'bad_build_check',
os.path.join('/out', args.fuzzer_name)
]
else:
run_args.append('test_all')
exit_code = docker_run(run_args)
if exit_code == 0:
print('Check build passed.')
else:
print('Check build failed.')
return exit_code
def _get_fuzz_targets(project_name):
"""Return names of fuzz targest build in the project's /out directory."""
fuzz_targets = []
for name in os.listdir(_get_output_dir(project_name)):
if name.startswith('afl-'):
continue
path = os.path.join(_get_output_dir(project_name), name)
if os.path.isfile(path) and os.access(path, os.X_OK):
fuzz_targets.append(name)
return fuzz_targets
def _get_latest_corpus(project_name, fuzz_target, base_corpus_dir):
"""Download the latest corpus for the given fuzz target."""
corpus_dir = os.path.join(base_corpus_dir, fuzz_target)
if not os.path.exists(corpus_dir):
os.makedirs(corpus_dir)
if not fuzz_target.startswith(project_name):
fuzz_target = '%s_%s' % (project_name, fuzz_target)
corpus_backup_url = CORPUS_BACKUP_URL_FORMAT.format(project_name=project_name,
fuzz_target=fuzz_target)
command = [
'gsutil',
'ls',
corpus_backup_url
]
corpus_listing = subprocess.Popen(
command, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
output, error = corpus_listing.communicate()
# Some fuzz targets (e.g. new ones) may not have corpus yet, just skip those.
if corpus_listing.returncode:
print('WARNING: corpus for {0} not found:\n{1}'.format(fuzz_target, error),
file=sys.stderr)
return
if output:
latest_backup_url = output.splitlines()[-1]
archive_path = corpus_dir + '.zip'
command = [
'gsutil',
'-q',
'cp',
latest_backup_url,
archive_path
]
subprocess.check_call(command)
command = [
'unzip',
'-q',
'-o',
archive_path,
'-d',
corpus_dir
]
subprocess.check_call(command)
os.remove(archive_path)
else:
# Sync the working corpus copy if a minimized backup is not available.
corpus_url = CORPUS_URL_FORMAT.format(project_name=project_name,
fuzz_target=fuzz_target)
command = [
'gsutil',
'-m',
'-q',
'rsync',
'-R',
corpus_url,
corpus_dir
]
subprocess.check_call(command)
def download_corpora(args):
"""Download most recent corpora from GCS for the given project."""
if not _check_project_exists(args.project_name):
return 1
try:
with open(os.devnull, 'w') as stdout:
subprocess.check_call(['gsutil', '--version'], stdout=stdout)
except OSError:
print('ERROR: gsutil not found. Please install it from '
'https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/gsutil_install',
file=sys.stderr)
return False
if args.fuzz_target:
fuzz_targets = [args.fuzz_target]
else:
fuzz_targets = _get_fuzz_targets(args.project_name)
corpus_dir = _get_corpus_dir(args.project_name)
if not os.path.exists(corpus_dir):
os.makedirs(corpus_dir)
def _download_for_single_target(fuzz_target):
try:
_get_latest_corpus(args.project_name, fuzz_target, corpus_dir)
return True
except Exception as e:
print('ERROR: corpus download for %s failed: %s' % (fuzz_target, str(e)),
file=sys.stderr)
return False
print('Downloading corpora for %s project to %s' % (args.project_name, corpus_dir))
thread_pool = ThreadPool(multiprocessing.cpu_count())
return all(thread_pool.map(_download_for_single_target, fuzz_targets))
def coverage(args):
"""Generate code coverage using clang source based code coverage."""
if args.corpus_dir and not args.fuzz_target:
print('ERROR: --corpus-dir requires specifying a particular fuzz target '
'using --fuzz-target',
file=sys.stderr)
return 1
if not _check_project_exists(args.project_name):
return 1
if not args.no_corpus_download and not args.corpus_dir:
if not download_corpora(args):
return 1
env = [
'FUZZING_ENGINE=libfuzzer',
'PROJECT=%s' % args.project_name,
'SANITIZER=coverage',
'HTTP_PORT=%s' % args.port,
'COVERAGE_EXTRA_ARGS=%s' % ' '.join(args.extra_args),
]
run_args = _env_to_docker_args(env)
if args.corpus_dir:
if not os.path.exists(args.corpus_dir):
print('ERROR: the path provided in --corpus-dir argument does not exist',
file=sys.stderr)
return 1
corpus_dir = os.path.realpath(args.corpus_dir)
run_args.extend(['-v', '%s:/corpus/%s' % (corpus_dir, args.fuzz_target)])
else:
run_args.extend(['-v', '%s:/corpus' % _get_corpus_dir(args.project_name)])
run_args.extend([
'-v', '%s:/out' % _get_output_dir(args.project_name),
'-p', '%s:%s' % (args.port, args.port),
'-t', 'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-runner',
])
run_args.append('coverage')
if args.fuzz_target:
run_args.append(args.fuzz_target)
exit_code = docker_run(run_args)
if exit_code == 0:
print('Successfully generated clang code coverage report.')
else:
print('Failed to generate clang code coverage report.')
return exit_code
def run_fuzzer(args):
"""Runs a fuzzer in the container."""
if not _check_project_exists(args.project_name):
return 1
if not _check_fuzzer_exists(args.project_name, args.fuzzer_name):
return 1
env = [
'FUZZING_ENGINE=' + args.engine,
'SANITIZER=' + args.sanitizer,
'RUN_FUZZER_MODE=interactive',
]
if args.e:
env += args.e
run_args = _env_to_docker_args(env) + [
'-v', '%s:/out' % _get_output_dir(args.project_name),
'-t', 'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/base-runner',
'run_fuzzer',
args.fuzzer_name,
] + args.fuzzer_args
return docker_run(run_args)
def reproduce(args):
"""Reproduces a testcase in the container."""
if not _check_project_exists(args.project_name):
return 1
if not _check_fuzzer_exists(args.project_name, args.fuzzer_name):
return 1
debugger = ''
env = []
image_name = 'base-runner'
if args.valgrind:
debugger = 'valgrind --tool=memcheck --track-origins=yes --leak-check=full'
if debugger:
image_name = 'base-runner-debug'
env += ['DEBUGGER=' + debugger]
if args.e:
env += args.e
run_args = _env_to_docker_args(env) + [
'-v', '%s:/out' % _get_output_dir(args.project_name),
'-v', '%s:/testcase' % _get_absolute_path(args.testcase_path),
'-t', 'gcr.io/oss-fuzz-base/%s' % image_name,
'reproduce',
args.fuzzer_name,
'-runs=100',
] + args.fuzzer_args
return docker_run(run_args)
def generate(args):
"""Generate empty project files."""
if len(args.project_name) > MAX_PROJECT_NAME_LENGTH:
print('Project name needs to be less than or equal to %d characters.' %
MAX_PROJECT_NAME_LENGTH, file=sys.stderr)
return 1
if not VALID_PROJECT_NAME_REGEX.match(args.project_name):
print('Invalid project name.', file=sys.stderr)
return 1
dir = os.path.join('projects', args.project_name)
try:
os.mkdir(dir)
except OSError as e:
if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
raise
print(dir, 'already exists.', file=sys.stderr)
return 1
print('Writing new files to', dir)
template_args = {
'project_name': args.project_name,
'year': datetime.datetime.now().year
}
with open(os.path.join(dir, 'project.yaml'), 'w') as f:
f.write(templates.PROJECT_YAML_TEMPLATE % template_args)
with open(os.path.join(dir, 'Dockerfile'), 'w') as f:
f.write(templates.DOCKER_TEMPLATE % template_args)
build_sh_path = os.path.join(dir, 'build.sh')
with open(build_sh_path, 'w') as f:
f.write(templates.BUILD_TEMPLATE % template_args)
os.chmod(build_sh_path, 0o755)
return 0
def shell(args):
"""Runs a shell within a docker image."""
if not _build_image(args.project_name):
return 1
env = [
'FUZZING_ENGINE=' + args.engine,
'SANITIZER=' + args.sanitizer,
'ARCHITECTURE=' + args.architecture,
]
if args.e:
env += args.e
if _is_base_image(args.project_name):
image_project = 'oss-fuzz-base'
out_dir = _get_output_dir()
else:
image_project = 'oss-fuzz'
out_dir = _get_output_dir(args.project_name)
run_args = _env_to_docker_args(env) + [
'-v', '%s:/out' % out_dir,
'-v', '%s:/work' % _get_work_dir(args.project_name),
'-t', 'gcr.io/%s/%s' % (image_project, args.project_name),
'/bin/bash'
]
docker_run(run_args)
return 0
def pull_images(args):
"""Pull base images."""
for base_image in BASE_IMAGES:
if not docker_pull(base_image):
return 1
return 0
if __name__ == '__main__':
sys.exit(main())