diff --git a/orm_lib/inc/drogon/orm/SqlBinder.h b/orm_lib/inc/drogon/orm/SqlBinder.h
index 0e2ab809..691ae57e 100644
--- a/orm_lib/inc/drogon/orm/SqlBinder.h
+++ b/orm_lib/inc/drogon/orm/SqlBinder.h
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ class SqlBinder
         else if (_type == ClientType::Mysql)
         {
 #ifdef USE_MYSQL
-            _format.push_back(MYSQL_TYPE_VAR_STRING);
+            _format.push_back(MYSQL_TYPE_STRING);
 #endif
         }
         return *this;
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ class SqlBinder
         else if (_type == ClientType::Mysql)
         {
 #ifdef USE_MYSQL
-            _format.push_back(MYSQL_TYPE_VAR_STRING);
+            _format.push_back(MYSQL_TYPE_STRING);
 #endif
         }
         return *this;
@@ -390,7 +390,14 @@ class SqlBinder
         _paraNum++;
         _parameters.push_back(NULL);
         _length.push_back(0);
-        _format.push_back(0);
+        if (_type == ClientType::PostgreSQL)
+            _format.push_back(0);
+        else if (_type == ClientType::Mysql)
+        {
+#ifdef USE_MYSQL
+            _format.push_back(MYSQL_TYPE_NULL);
+#endif
+        }
         return *this;
     }
     self &operator<<(const Mode &mode)
diff --git a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlConnection.cc b/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlConnection.cc
index 5c78025d..56293554 100644
--- a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlConnection.cc
+++ b/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlConnection.cc
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 
 #include "MysqlConnection.h"
 #include "MysqlResultImpl.h"
-#include "MysqlStmtResultImpl.h"
 #include <drogon/utils/Utilities.h>
 #include <regex>
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -32,13 +31,6 @@ Result makeResult(const std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_RES> &r = std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_RE
     return Result(std::shared_ptr<MysqlResultImpl>(new MysqlResultImpl(r, query, affectedRows)));
 }
 
-Result makeResult(const std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_STMT> &r = std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_STMT>(nullptr),
-                  const std::string &query = "")
-{
-    return Result(std::shared_ptr<MysqlStmtResultImpl>(new MysqlStmtResultImpl(r, query)));
-}
-
-
 } // namespace orm
 } // namespace drogon
 
@@ -215,54 +207,6 @@ void MysqlConnection::handleEvent()
     {
         switch (_execStatus)
         {
-        case ExecStatus_StmtPrepare:
-        {
-            int err;
-            _waitStatus = mysql_stmt_prepare_cont(&err, _stmtPtr.get(), status);
-            if (_waitStatus == 0)
-            {
-                _execStatus = ExecStatus_None;
-                if (err)
-                {
-                    outputStmtError();
-                    //FIXME exception callback;
-                    return;
-                }
-                LOG_TRACE << "stmt ready!";
-                if (mysql_stmt_bind_param(_stmtPtr.get(), _binds.data()))
-                {
-                    outputStmtError();
-                    return;
-                }
-                _waitStatus = mysql_stmt_execute_start(&err, _stmtPtr.get());
-                LOG_TRACE << "mysql_stmt_execute_start:" << _waitStatus;
-                _execStatus = ExecStatus_StmtExec;
-                if (_waitStatus == 0)
-                {
-                    _execStatus = ExecStatus_None;
-                    if (err)
-                    {
-                        outputStmtError();
-                        return;
-                    }
-                    
-                    _waitStatus = mysql_stmt_store_result_start(&err, _stmtPtr.get());
-                    _execStatus = ExecStatus_StmtStoreResult;
-                    if (_waitStatus == 0)
-                    {
-                        _execStatus = ExecStatus_None;
-                        if (err)
-                        {
-                            outputStmtError();
-                            return;
-                        }
-                        getStmtResult();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            setChannel();
-            break;
-        }
         case ExecStatus_RealQuery:
         {
             int err;
@@ -316,54 +260,6 @@ void MysqlConnection::handleEvent()
             setChannel();
             break;
         }
-        case ExecStatus_StmtExec:
-        {
-            int err;
-            _waitStatus = mysql_stmt_execute_cont(&err, _stmtPtr.get(), status);
-            LOG_TRACE << "mysql_stmt_execute_cont:" << _waitStatus;
-            if (_waitStatus == 0)
-            {
-                _execStatus = ExecStatus_None;
-                if (err)
-                {
-                    outputStmtError();
-                    return;
-                }
-                _waitStatus = mysql_stmt_store_result_start(&err, _stmtPtr.get());
-                LOG_TRACE << "mysql_stmt_store_result_start:" << _waitStatus;
-                _execStatus = ExecStatus_StmtStoreResult;
-                if (_waitStatus == 0)
-                {
-                    _execStatus = ExecStatus_None;
-                    if (err)
-                    {
-                        outputStmtError();
-                        return;
-                    }
-                    getStmtResult();
-                }
-            }
-            setChannel();
-            break;
-        }
-        case ExecStatus_StmtStoreResult:
-        {
-            int err;
-            _waitStatus = mysql_stmt_store_result_cont(&err, _stmtPtr.get(), status);
-            LOG_TRACE << "mysql_stmt_store_result_cont:" << _waitStatus;
-            if (_waitStatus == 0)
-            {
-                _execStatus = ExecStatus_None;
-                if (err)
-                {
-                    outputStmtError();
-                    return;
-                }
-                getStmtResult();
-            }
-            setChannel();
-            break;
-        }
         default:
             return;
         }
@@ -386,77 +282,72 @@ void MysqlConnection::execSql(const std::string &sql,
     assert(idleCb);
     assert(!_isWorking);
     assert(!sql.empty());
-    _sql = sql;
+
     _cb = rcb;
     _idleCb = idleCb;
     _isWorking = true;
     _exceptCb = exceptCallback;
-    //_channel.enableWriting();
-    LOG_TRACE << sql;
-    // if (paraNum == 0)
-    // {
-    //     _loop->runInLoop([=]() {
-    //         int err;
-    //         //int mysql_real_query_start(int *ret, MYSQL *mysql, const char *q, unsigned long length)
-    //         _waitStatus = mysql_real_query_start(&err, _mysqlPtr.get(), sql.c_str(), sql.length());
-    //         LOG_TRACE << "real_query:" << _waitStatus;
-    //         _execStatus = ExecStatus_RealQuery;
-    //         if (_waitStatus == 0)
-    //         {
-    //             if (err)
-    //             {
-    //                 outputError();
-    //                 return;
-    //             }
-
-    //             MYSQL_RES *ret;
-    //             _waitStatus = mysql_store_result_start(&ret, _mysqlPtr.get());
-    //             LOG_TRACE << "store_result:" << _waitStatus;
-    //             _execStatus = ExecStatus_StoreResult;
-    //             if (_waitStatus == 0)
-    //             {
-    //                 _execStatus = ExecStatus_None;
-    //                 if (!ret)
-    //                 {
-    //                     outputError();
-    //                     return;
-    //                 }
-    //                 getResult(ret);
-    //             }
-    //         }
-    //         setChannel();
-    //     });
-    //     return;
-    // }
-
-    _stmtPtr = std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_STMT>(mysql_stmt_init(_mysqlPtr.get()), [](MYSQL_STMT *stmt) {
-        //Is it a blocking method?
-        mysql_stmt_close(stmt);
-    });
-    if (!_stmtPtr)
+    _sql.clear();
+    if (paraNum > 0)
     {
-        outputError();
-        return;
+        std::string::size_type pos = 0;
+        std::string::size_type seekPos = std::string::npos;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < paraNum; i++)
+        {
+            seekPos = sql.find("?", pos);
+            if (seekPos == std::string::npos)
+            {
+                _sql.append(sql.substr(pos));
+                break;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _sql.append(sql.substr(pos, seekPos - pos));
+                pos = seekPos + 1;
+                switch (format[i])
+                {
+                case MYSQL_TYPE_TINY:
+                    _sql.append(std::to_string(*((char *)parameters[i])));
+                    break;
+                case MYSQL_TYPE_SHORT:
+                    _sql.append(std::to_string(*((short *)parameters[i])));
+                    break;
+                case MYSQL_TYPE_LONG:
+                    _sql.append(std::to_string(*((int32_t *)parameters[i])));
+                    break;
+                case MYSQL_TYPE_LONGLONG:
+                    _sql.append(std::to_string(*((int64_t *)parameters[i])));
+                    break;
+                case MYSQL_TYPE_NULL:
+                    _sql.append("NULL");
+                    break;
+                case MYSQL_TYPE_STRING:
+                {
+                    _sql.append("'");
+                    std::string to(length[i] * 2, '\0');
+                    auto len = mysql_real_escape_string(_mysqlPtr.get(), (char *)to.c_str(), parameters[i], length[i]);
+                    to.resize(len);
+                    _sql.append(to);
+                    _sql.append("'");
+                }
+                break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
-    
-    my_bool flag = 1;
-    mysql_stmt_attr_set(_stmtPtr.get(), STMT_ATTR_UPDATE_MAX_LENGTH, &flag);
-
-    _binds.resize(paraNum);
-    _lengths.resize(paraNum);
-    _isNulls.resize(paraNum);
-    memset(_binds.data(), 0, sizeof(MYSQL_BIND) * paraNum);
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < paraNum; i++)
+    else
     {
-        _binds[i].buffer = (void *)parameters[i];
-        _binds[i].buffer_type = (enum_field_types)format[i];
-        _binds[i].buffer_length = length[i];
-        _binds[i].length = (length[i] == 0 ? 0 : (_lengths[i] = length[i], &_lengths[i]));
-        _binds[i].is_null = (parameters[i] != NULL ? 0 : (_isNulls[i] = true, &_isNulls[i]));
+        _sql = sql;
     }
+    LOG_TRACE << _sql;
     _loop->runInLoop([=]() {
         int err;
-        _waitStatus = mysql_stmt_prepare_start(&err, _stmtPtr.get(), sql.c_str(), sql.length());
+        //int mysql_real_query_start(int *ret, MYSQL *mysql, const char *q, unsigned long length)
+        _waitStatus = mysql_real_query_start(&err, _mysqlPtr.get(), _sql.c_str(), _sql.length());
+        LOG_TRACE << "real_query:" << _waitStatus;
+        _execStatus = ExecStatus_RealQuery;
         if (_waitStatus == 0)
         {
             if (err)
@@ -464,11 +355,25 @@ void MysqlConnection::execSql(const std::string &sql,
                 outputError();
                 return;
             }
-        }
 
-        _execStatus = ExecStatus_StmtPrepare;
+            MYSQL_RES *ret;
+            _waitStatus = mysql_store_result_start(&ret, _mysqlPtr.get());
+            LOG_TRACE << "store_result:" << _waitStatus;
+            _execStatus = ExecStatus_StoreResult;
+            if (_waitStatus == 0)
+            {
+                _execStatus = ExecStatus_None;
+                if (!ret)
+                {
+                    outputError();
+                    return;
+                }
+                getResult(ret);
+            }
+        }
         setChannel();
     });
+    return;
 }
 
 void MysqlConnection::outputError()
@@ -502,36 +407,6 @@ void MysqlConnection::outputError()
     }
 }
 
-void MysqlConnection::outputStmtError()
-{
-    _channelPtr->disableAll();
-    LOG_ERROR << "Error("
-              << mysql_stmt_errno(_stmtPtr.get()) << ") [" << mysql_stmt_sqlstate(_stmtPtr.get()) << "] \""
-              << mysql_stmt_error(_stmtPtr.get()) << "\"";
-    if (_isWorking)
-    {
-        try
-        {
-            //FIXME exception type
-            throw SqlError(mysql_stmt_error(_stmtPtr.get()),
-                           _sql);
-        }
-        catch (...)
-        {
-            _exceptCb(std::current_exception());
-            _exceptCb = decltype(_exceptCb)();
-        }
-
-        _cb = decltype(_cb)();
-        _isWorking = false;
-        if (_idleCb)
-        {
-            _idleCb();
-            _idleCb = decltype(_idleCb)();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 void MysqlConnection::getResult(MYSQL_RES *res)
 {
     auto resultPtr = std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_RES>(res, [](MYSQL_RES *r) {
@@ -548,18 +423,3 @@ void MysqlConnection::getResult(MYSQL_RES *res)
         _idleCb = decltype(_idleCb)();
     }
 }
-
-void MysqlConnection::getStmtResult()
-{
-    LOG_TRACE << "Got " << mysql_stmt_num_rows(_stmtPtr.get()) << " rows";
-    auto Result = makeResult(_stmtPtr, _sql);
-    if (_isWorking)
-    {
-        _cb(Result);
-        _cb = decltype(_cb)();
-        _exceptCb = decltype(_exceptCb)();
-        _isWorking = false;
-        _idleCb();
-        _idleCb = decltype(_idleCb)();
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlConnection.h b/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlConnection.h
index 227c4cc5..e32cc5db 100644
--- a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlConnection.h
+++ b/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlConnection.h
@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ class MysqlConnection : public DbConnection, public std::enable_shared_from_this
     void handleEvent();
     void setChannel();
     void getResult(MYSQL_RES *res);
-    void getStmtResult();
     int _waitStatus;
     enum ExecStatus
     {
@@ -70,7 +69,6 @@ class MysqlConnection : public DbConnection, public std::enable_shared_from_this
     std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_STMT> _stmtPtr;
 
     void outputError();
-    void outputStmtError();
     std::vector<MYSQL_BIND>
         _binds;
     std::vector<unsigned long> _lengths;
diff --git a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlStmtResultImpl.cc b/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlStmtResultImpl.cc
deleted file mode 100644
index cd31284d..00000000
--- a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlStmtResultImpl.cc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-/**
- *
- *  MysqlStmtResultImpl.cc
- *  An Tao
- *
- *  Copyright 2018, An Tao.  All rights reserved.
- *  Use of this source code is governed by a MIT license
- *  that can be found in the License file.
- *
- *
- */
-
-#include "MysqlStmtResultImpl.h"
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <algorithm>
-
-using namespace drogon::orm;
-
-Result::size_type MysqlStmtResultImpl::size() const noexcept
-{
-    return _rowsNum;
-}
-Result::row_size_type MysqlStmtResultImpl::columns() const noexcept
-{
-    return _fieldNum;
-}
-const char *MysqlStmtResultImpl::columnName(row_size_type number) const
-{
-    assert(number < _fieldNum);
-    if (_fieldArray)
-        return _fieldArray[number].name;
-    return "";
-}
-Result::size_type MysqlStmtResultImpl::affectedRows() const noexcept
-{
-    return _affectedRows;
-}
-Result::row_size_type MysqlStmtResultImpl::columnNumber(const char colName[]) const
-{
-    std::string col(colName);
-    std::transform(col.begin(), col.end(), col.begin(), tolower);
-    auto iter = _fieldMap.find(col);
-    if (iter != _fieldMap.end())
-        return iter->second;
-    return -1;
-}
-const char *MysqlStmtResultImpl::getValue(size_type row, row_size_type column) const
-{
-    if (_rowsNum == 0 || _fieldNum == 0)
-        return NULL;
-    assert(row < _rowsNum);
-    assert(column < _fieldNum);
-    return _rows[row].first[column];
-}
-bool MysqlStmtResultImpl::isNull(size_type row, row_size_type column) const
-{
-    return getValue(row, column) == NULL;
-}
-Result::field_size_type MysqlStmtResultImpl::getLength(size_type row, row_size_type column) const
-{
-    if (_rowsNum == 0 || _fieldNum == 0)
-        return 0;
-    assert(row < _rowsNum);
-    assert(column < _fieldNum);
-    return _rows[row].second[column];
-}
diff --git a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlStmtResultImpl.h b/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlStmtResultImpl.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 699fdadb..00000000
--- a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/MysqlStmtResultImpl.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-/**
- *
- *  MysqlStmtResultImpl.h
- *  An Tao
- *
- *  Copyright 2018, An Tao.  All rights reserved.
- *  Use of this source code is governed by a MIT license
- *  that can be found in the License file.
- *
- *
- */
-#pragma once
-
-#include "../ResultImpl.h"
-
-#include <mysql.h>
-#include <trantor/utils/Logger.h>
-#include <memory>
-#include <string>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <vector>
-#include <string.h>
-
-namespace drogon
-{
-namespace orm
-{
-
-class MysqlStmtResultImpl : public ResultImpl
-{
-  public:
-    MysqlStmtResultImpl(const std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_STMT> &r, const std::string &query) noexcept
-        : _result(r),
-          _metaData(mysql_stmt_result_metadata(r.get()), [](MYSQL_RES *p) {
-        if (p)
-            mysql_free_result(p); }),
-          _query(query),
-          _rowsNum(r ? mysql_stmt_num_rows(r.get()) : 0),
-          _fieldArray(_metaData ? mysql_fetch_fields(_metaData.get()) : nullptr),
-          _fieldNum(_metaData ? mysql_num_fields(_metaData.get()) : 0),
-          _affectedRows(r ? mysql_stmt_affected_rows(r.get()) : 0)
-    {
-        MYSQL_BIND binds[_fieldNum];
-        memset(binds, 0, sizeof(MYSQL_BIND) * _fieldNum);
-        unsigned long lengths[_fieldNum];
-        my_bool isNulls[_fieldNum];
-        std::shared_ptr<char> buffers[_fieldNum];
-        char fakeBuf;
-        if (_fieldNum > 0)
-        {
-            for (row_size_type i = 0; i < _fieldNum; i++)
-            {
-                std::string fieldName = _fieldArray[i].name;
-                std::transform(fieldName.begin(), fieldName.end(), fieldName.begin(), tolower);
-                _fieldMap[fieldName] = i;
-                //LOG_TRACE << "row[" << fieldName << "].max_length=" << _fieldArray[i].max_length;
-                if (_rowsNum > 0)
-                {
-                    if (_fieldArray[i].max_length > 0)
-                    {
-                        buffers[i] = std::shared_ptr<char>(new char[_fieldArray[i].max_length + 1], [](char *p) { delete[] p; });
-                        binds[i].buffer = buffers[i].get();
-                        binds[i].buffer_length = _fieldArray[i].max_length + 1;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        binds[i].buffer = &fakeBuf;
-                        binds[i].buffer_length = 1;
-                    }
-                    binds[i].length = &lengths[i];
-                    binds[i].is_null = &isNulls[i];
-                    binds[i].buffer_type = _fieldArray[i].type;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (size() > 0)
-        {
-            if (mysql_stmt_bind_result(r.get(), binds))
-            {
-                fprintf(stderr, " mysql_stmt_bind_result() failed\n");
-                fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", mysql_stmt_error(r.get()));
-                exit(-1);
-            }
-            while (!mysql_stmt_fetch(r.get()))
-            {
-                std::vector<char *> row;
-                std::vector<field_size_type> lengths;
-                for (row_size_type i = 0; i < _fieldNum; i++)
-                {
-                    if (*(binds[i].is_null))
-                    {
-                        row.push_back(NULL);
-                        lengths.push_back(0);
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        auto data = std::shared_ptr<char>(new char[*(binds[i].length)], [](char *p) { delete[] p; });
-                        memcpy(data.get(), binds[i].buffer, *binds[i].length);
-                        _resultData.push_back(data);
-                        row.push_back(data.get());
-                        lengths.push_back(*(binds[i].length));
-                    }
-                }
-                _rows.push_back(std::make_pair(row, lengths));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    virtual size_type size() const noexcept override;
-    virtual row_size_type columns() const noexcept override;
-    virtual const char *columnName(row_size_type Number) const override;
-    virtual size_type affectedRows() const noexcept override;
-    virtual row_size_type columnNumber(const char colName[]) const override;
-    virtual const char *getValue(size_type row, row_size_type column) const override;
-    virtual bool isNull(size_type row, row_size_type column) const override;
-    virtual field_size_type getLength(size_type row, row_size_type column) const override;
-
-  private:
-    const std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_STMT> _result;
-    const std::shared_ptr<MYSQL_RES> _metaData;
-    const std::string _query;
-    const Result::size_type _rowsNum;
-    const MYSQL_FIELD *_fieldArray;
-    const Result::row_size_type _fieldNum;
-    const size_type _affectedRows;
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, row_size_type> _fieldMap;
-    std::vector<std::pair<std::vector<char *>, std::vector<field_size_type>>> _rows;
-
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<char>> _resultData;
-};
-
-} // namespace orm
-} // namespace drogon
diff --git a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/test/test1.cc b/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/test/test1.cc
index 3f355a7b..2e58fd7d 100644
--- a/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/test/test1.cc
+++ b/orm_lib/src/mysql_impl/test/test1.cc
@@ -40,20 +40,27 @@ int main()
     };
     LOG_TRACE << "end";
     LOG_TRACE << "begin";
-    *clientPtr << "select * from users where id!=? order by id"
+    *clientPtr << "select * from users where id=? and user_id=? order by id"
                << 139
+               << "233"
                << Mode::Blocking >>
         [](const Result &r) {
             std::cout << "rows:" << r.size() << std::endl;
             std::cout << "column num:" << r.columns() << std::endl;
-            // for (auto row : r)
-            // {
-            //     std::cout << "user_id=" << row["user_id"].as<std::string>() << " id=" << row["id"].as<int>() << std::endl;
-            // }
+            for (auto row : r)
+            {
+                std::cout << "user_id=" << row["user_id"].as<std::string>() << " id=" << row["id"].as<std::string>();
+                std::cout << " time=" << row["time"].as<std::string>() << std::endl;
+            }
         } >>
         [](const DrogonDbException &e) {
             std::cerr << e.base().what() << std::endl;
         };
+    *clientPtr << "update users set time=? where id>?" << trantor::Date::date() << 1000 >> [](const Result &r) {
+        std::cout << "update " << r.affectedRows() << " rows" << std::endl;
+    } >> [](const DrogonDbException &e) {
+        std::cerr << e.base().what() << std::endl;
+    };
     LOG_TRACE << "end";
     getchar();
 }
\ No newline at end of file