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cpython/Lib/smtplib.py

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#!/usr/bin/python
"""SMTP/ESMTP client class.
Author: The Dragon De Monsyne <dragondm@integral.org>
ESMTP support, test code and doc fixes added by
Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
Better RFC 821 compliance (MAIL and RCPT, and CRLF in data)
by Carey Evans <c.evans@clear.net.nz>, for picky mail servers.
(This was modified from the Python 1.5 library HTTP lib.)
This should follow RFC 821 (SMTP) and RFC 1869 (ESMTP).
Notes:
Please remember, when doing ESMTP, that the names of the SMTP service
extensions are NOT the same thing as the option keyords for the RCPT
and MAIL commands!
Example:
>>> import smtplib
>>> s=smtplib.SMTP("localhost")
>>> print s.help()
This is Sendmail version 8.8.4
Topics:
HELO EHLO MAIL RCPT DATA
RSET NOOP QUIT HELP VRFY
EXPN VERB ETRN DSN
For more info use "HELP <topic>".
To report bugs in the implementation send email to
sendmail-bugs@sendmail.org.
For local information send email to Postmaster at your site.
End of HELP info
>>> s.putcmd("vrfy","someone@here")
>>> s.getreply()
(250, "Somebody OverHere <somebody@here.my.org>")
>>> s.quit()
"""
import socket
import string, re
import rfc822
import types
SMTP_PORT = 25
CRLF="\r\n"
# used for exceptions
SMTPServerDisconnected="Server not connected"
SMTPSenderRefused="Sender address refused"
SMTPRecipientsRefused="All Recipients refused"
SMTPDataError="Error transmitting message data"
def quoteaddr(addr):
"""Quote a subset of the email addresses defined by RFC 821.
Should be able to handle anything rfc822.parseaddr can handle."""
m=None
try:
m=rfc822.parseaddr(addr)[1]
except AttributeError:
pass
if not m:
#something weird here.. punt -ddm
return addr
else:
return "<%s>" % m
def quotedata(data):
"""Quote data for email.
Double leading '.', and change Unix newline '\n', or Mac '\r' into
Internet CRLF end-of-line."""
return re.sub(r'(?m)^\.', '..',
re.sub(r'(?:\r\n|\n|\r(?!\n))', CRLF, data))
class SMTP:
"""This class manages a connection to an SMTP or ESMTP server.
SMTP Objects:
SMTP objects have the following attributes:
helo_resp
This is the message given by the server in responce to the
most recent HELO command.
ehlo_resp
This is the message given by the server in responce to the
most recent EHLO command. This is usually multiline.
does_esmtp
This is a True value _after you do an EHLO command_, if the
server supports ESMTP.
esmtp_features
This is a dictionary, which, if the server supports ESMTP,
will _after you do an EHLO command_, contain the names of the
SMTP service extentions this server supports, and their
parameters (if any).
Note, all extention names are mapped to lower case in the
dictionary.
For method docs, see each method's docstrings. In general, there is
a method of the same name to preform each SMTP comand, and there
is a method called 'sendmail' that will do an entiere mail
transaction."""
debuglevel = 0
file = None
helo_resp = None
ehlo_resp = None
does_esmtp = 0
def __init__(self, host = '', port = 0):
"""Initialize a new instance.
If specified, `host' is the name of the remote host to which
to connect. If specified, `port' specifies the port to which
to connect. By default, smtplib.SMTP_PORT is used.
"""
self.esmtp_features = {}
if host: self.connect(host, port)
def set_debuglevel(self, debuglevel):
"""Set the debug output level.
A non-false value results in debug messages for connection and
for all messages sent to and received from the server.
"""
self.debuglevel = debuglevel
def connect(self, host='localhost', port = 0):
"""Connect to a host on a given port.
If the hostname ends with a colon (`:') followed by a number,
and there is no port specified, that suffix will be stripped
off and the number interpreted as the port number to use.
Note: This method is automatically invoked by __init__,
if a host is specified during instantiation.
"""
if not port:
i = string.find(host, ':')
if i >= 0:
host, port = host[:i], host[i+1:]
try: port = string.atoi(port)
except string.atoi_error:
raise socket.error, "nonnumeric port"
if not port: port = SMTP_PORT
self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
if self.debuglevel > 0: print 'connect:', (host, port)
self.sock.connect(host, port)
(code,msg)=self.getreply()
if self.debuglevel >0 : print "connect:", msg
return msg
def send(self, str):
"""Send `str' to the server."""
if self.debuglevel > 0: print 'send:', `str`
if self.sock:
try:
self.sock.send(str)
except socket.error:
raise SMTPServerDisconnected
else:
raise SMTPServerDisconnected
def putcmd(self, cmd, args=""):
"""Send a command to the server.
"""
str = '%s %s%s' % (cmd, args, CRLF)
self.send(str)
def getreply(self):
"""Get a reply from the server.
Returns a tuple consisting of:
- server response code (e.g. '250', or such, if all goes well)
Note: returns -1 if it can't read response code.
- server response string corresponding to response code
(note : multiline responses converted to a single,
multiline string)
"""
resp=[]
self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb')
while 1:
line = self.file.readline()
if self.debuglevel > 0: print 'reply:', `line`
resp.append(string.strip(line[4:]))
code=line[:3]
#check if multiline resp
if line[3:4]!="-":
break
try:
errcode = string.atoi(code)
except(ValueError):
errcode = -1
errmsg = string.join(resp,"\n")
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print 'reply: retcode (%s); Msg: %s' % (errcode,errmsg)
return errcode, errmsg
def docmd(self, cmd, args=""):
""" Send a command, and return its response code """
self.putcmd(cmd,args)
(code,msg)=self.getreply()
return code
# std smtp commands
def helo(self, name=''):
""" SMTP 'helo' command. Hostname to send for this command
defaults to the FQDN of the local host """
name=string.strip(name)
if len(name)==0:
name=socket.gethostbyaddr(socket.gethostname())[0]
self.putcmd("helo",name)
(code,msg)=self.getreply()
self.helo_resp=msg
return code
def ehlo(self, name=''):
""" SMTP 'ehlo' command. Hostname to send for this command
defaults to the FQDN of the local host. """
name=string.strip(name)
if len(name)==0:
name=socket.gethostbyaddr(socket.gethostname())[0]
self.putcmd("ehlo",name)
(code,msg)=self.getreply()
# According to RFC1869 some (badly written)
# MTA's will disconnect on an ehlo. Toss an exception if
# that happens -ddm
if code == -1 and len(msg) == 0:
raise SMTPServerDisconnected
self.ehlo_resp=msg
if code<>250:
return code
self.does_esmtp=1
#parse the ehlo responce -ddm
resp=string.split(self.ehlo_resp,'\n')
del resp[0]
for each in resp:
m=re.match(r'(?P<feature>[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9\-]*)',each)
if m:
feature=string.lower(m.group("feature"))
params=string.strip(m.string[m.end("feature"):])
self.esmtp_features[feature]=params
return code
def has_extn(self, opt):
"""Does the server support a given SMTP service extension?"""
return self.esmtp_features.has_key(string.lower(opt))
def help(self, args=''):
""" SMTP 'help' command. Returns help text from server """
self.putcmd("help", args)
(code,msg)=self.getreply()
return msg
def rset(self):
""" SMTP 'rset' command. Resets session. """
code=self.docmd("rset")
return code
def noop(self):
""" SMTP 'noop' command. Doesn't do anything :> """
code=self.docmd("noop")
return code
def mail(self,sender,options=[]):
""" SMTP 'mail' command. Begins mail xfer session. """
optionlist = ''
if options and self.does_esmtp:
optionlist = string.join(options, ' ')
self.putcmd("mail", "FROM:%s %s" % (quoteaddr(sender) ,optionlist))
return self.getreply()
def rcpt(self,recip,options=[]):
""" SMTP 'rcpt' command. Indicates 1 recipient for this mail. """
optionlist = ''
if options and self.does_esmtp:
optionlist = string.join(options, ' ')
self.putcmd("rcpt","TO:%s %s" % (quoteaddr(recip),optionlist))
return self.getreply()
def data(self,msg):
""" SMTP 'DATA' command. Sends message data to server.
Automatically quotes lines beginning with a period per rfc821. """
self.putcmd("data")
(code,repl)=self.getreply()
if self.debuglevel >0 : print "data:", (code,repl)
if code <> 354:
return -1
else:
self.send(quotedata(msg))
self.send("%s.%s" % (CRLF, CRLF))
(code,msg)=self.getreply()
if self.debuglevel >0 : print "data:", (code,msg)
return code
def vrfy(self, address):
return self.verify(address)
def verify(self, address):
""" SMTP 'verify' command. Checks for address validity. """
self.putcmd("vrfy", quoteaddr(address))
return self.getreply()
def expn(self, address):
""" SMTP 'verify' command. Checks for address validity. """
self.putcmd("expn", quoteaddr(address))
return self.getreply()
#some useful methods
def sendmail(self, from_addr, to_addrs, msg, mail_options=[],
rcpt_options=[]):
""" This command performs an entire mail transaction.
The arguments are:
- from_addr : The address sending this mail.
- to_addrs : a list of addresses to send this mail to
(a string will be treated as a list with 1 address)
- msg : the message to send.
- mail_options : list of ESMTP options (such as 8bitmime)
for the mail command
- rcpt_options : List of ESMTP options (such as DSN commands)
for all the rcpt commands
If there has been no previous EHLO or HELO command this session,
this method tries ESMTP EHLO first. If the server does ESMTP, message
size and each of the specified options will be passed to it.
If EHLO fails, HELO will be tried and ESMTP options suppressed.
This method will return normally if the mail is accepted for at least
one recipient. Otherwise it will throw an exception (either
SMTPSenderRefused, SMTPRecipientsRefused, or SMTPDataError)
That is, if this method does not throw an exception, then someone
should get your mail. If this method does not throw an exception,
it returns a dictionary, with one entry for each recipient that was
refused.
Example:
>>> import smtplib
>>> s=smtplib.SMTP("localhost")
>>> tolist=["one@one.org","two@two.org","three@three.org","four@four.org"]
>>> msg = '''
... From: Me@my.org
... Subject: testin'...
...
... This is a test '''
>>> s.sendmail("me@my.org",tolist,msg)
{ "three@three.org" : ( 550 ,"User unknown" ) }
>>> s.quit()
In the above example, the message was accepted for delivery to
three of the four addresses, and one was rejected, with the error
code 550. If all addresses are accepted, then the method
will return an empty dictionary.
"""
if not self.helo_resp and not self.ehlo_resp:
if self.ehlo() >= 400:
self.helo()
esmtp_opts = []
if self.does_esmtp:
# Hmmm? what's this? -ddm
# self.esmtp_features['7bit']=""
if self.has_extn('size'):
esmtp_opts.append("size=" + `len(msg)`)
for option in mail_options:
esmtp_opts.append(option)
(code,resp) = self.mail(from_addr, esmtp_opts)
if code <> 250:
self.rset()
raise SMTPSenderRefused
senderrs={}
if type(to_addrs) == types.StringType:
to_addrs = [to_addrs]
for each in to_addrs:
(code,resp)=self.rcpt(each, rcpt_options)
if (code <> 250) and (code <> 251):
senderrs[each]=(code,resp)
if len(senderrs)==len(to_addrs):
# the server refused all our recipients
self.rset()
raise SMTPRecipientsRefused
code=self.data(msg)
if code <>250 :
self.rset()
raise SMTPDataError
#if we got here then somebody got our mail
return senderrs
def close(self):
"""Close the connection to the SMTP server."""
if self.file:
self.file.close()
self.file = None
if self.sock:
self.sock.close()
self.sock = None
def quit(self):
"""Terminate the SMTP session."""
self.docmd("quit")
self.close()
# Test the sendmail method, which tests most of the others.
# Note: This always sends to localhost.
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys, rfc822
def prompt(prompt):
sys.stdout.write(prompt + ": ")
return string.strip(sys.stdin.readline())
fromaddr = prompt("From")
toaddrs = string.splitfields(prompt("To"), ',')
print "Enter message, end with ^D:"
msg = ''
while 1:
line = sys.stdin.readline()
if not line:
break
msg = msg + line
print "Message length is " + `len(msg)`
server = SMTP('localhost')
server.set_debuglevel(1)
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg)
server.quit()
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