mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython.git
141 lines
3.7 KiB
TeX
141 lines
3.7 KiB
TeX
\section{\module{stat} ---
|
|
Interpreting \function{stat()} results}
|
|
|
|
\declaremodule{standard}{stat}
|
|
\modulesynopsis{Utilities for interpreting the results of
|
|
\function{os.stat()}, \function{os.lstat()} and \function{os.fstat()}.}
|
|
\sectionauthor{Skip Montanaro}{skip@automatrix.com}
|
|
|
|
|
|
The \module{stat} module defines constants and functions for
|
|
interpreting the results of \function{os.stat()},
|
|
\function{os.fstat()} and \function{os.lstat()} (if they exist). For
|
|
complete details about the \cfunction{stat()}, \cfunction{fstat()} and
|
|
\cfunction{lstat()} calls, consult the documentation for your system.
|
|
|
|
The \module{stat} module defines the following functions to test for
|
|
specific file types:
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISDIR}{mode}
|
|
Return non-zero if the mode is from a directory.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISCHR}{mode}
|
|
Return non-zero if the mode is from a character special device file.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISBLK}{mode}
|
|
Return non-zero if the mode is from a block special device file.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISREG}{mode}
|
|
Return non-zero if the mode is from a regular file.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISFIFO}{mode}
|
|
Return non-zero if the mode is from a FIFO (named pipe).
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISLNK}{mode}
|
|
Return non-zero if the mode is from a symbolic link.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISSOCK}{mode}
|
|
Return non-zero if the mode is from a socket.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
Two additional functions are defined for more general manipulation of
|
|
the file's mode:
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_IMODE}{mode}
|
|
Return the portion of the file's mode that can be set by
|
|
\function{os.chmod()}---that is, the file's permission bits, plus the
|
|
sticky bit, set-group-id, and set-user-id bits (on systems that support
|
|
them).
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{S_IFMT}{mode}
|
|
Return the portion of the file's mode that describes the file type (used
|
|
by the \function{S_IS*()} functions above).
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
Normally, you would use the \function{os.path.is*()} functions for
|
|
testing the type of a file; the functions here are useful when you are
|
|
doing multiple tests of the same file and wish to avoid the overhead of
|
|
the \cfunction{stat()} system call for each test. These are also
|
|
useful when checking for information about a file that isn't handled
|
|
by \refmodule{os.path}, like the tests for block and character
|
|
devices.
|
|
|
|
All the variables below are simply symbolic indexes into the 10-tuple
|
|
returned by \function{os.stat()}, \function{os.fstat()} or
|
|
\function{os.lstat()}.
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_MODE}
|
|
Inode protection mode.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_INO}
|
|
Inode number.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_DEV}
|
|
Device inode resides on.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_NLINK}
|
|
Number of links to the inode.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_UID}
|
|
User id of the owner.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_GID}
|
|
Group id of the owner.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_SIZE}
|
|
File size in bytes.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_ATIME}
|
|
Time of last access.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_MTIME}
|
|
Time of last modification.
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{datadesc}{ST_CTIME}
|
|
Time of last status change (see manual pages for details).
|
|
\end{datadesc}
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
\begin{verbatim}
|
|
import os, sys
|
|
from stat import *
|
|
|
|
def process(dir, func):
|
|
'''recursively descend the directory rooted at dir, calling func for
|
|
each regular file'''
|
|
|
|
for f in os.listdir(dir):
|
|
mode = os.stat('%s/%s' % (dir, f))[ST_MODE]
|
|
if S_ISDIR(mode):
|
|
# recurse into directory
|
|
process('%s/%s' % (dir, f), func)
|
|
elif S_ISREG(mode):
|
|
func('%s/%s' % (dir, f))
|
|
else:
|
|
print 'Skipping %s/%s' % (dir, f)
|
|
|
|
def f(file):
|
|
print 'frobbed', file
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
process(sys.argv[1], f)
|
|
\end{verbatim}
|