<general_area>Mathematics and strategy games</general_area>
<specific_area>Game-playing</specific_area>
<description>This project studies Chess 960, a variant of orthodox chess. In classical chess the starting position of the game never changes. In Chess 960, just before the start of every game, the initial configuration of the chess pieces is determined randomly.</description>
<general_area>Mathematics and strategy games</general_area>
<specific_area>Mathematics</specific_area>
<description>What is the least number of crossings a straight-edge drawing of the complete graph on top of a set of n points in the plane obtains? From very recent (not even published yet) mathematical considerations the rectilinear crossing numbers for n=19 and n=21 are also known. So the most tantalizing problem now is to determine the true value for n=18, which is the main focus of this project.</description>
<home>Graz University of Technology (Austria)</home>
<general_area>Mathematics and strategy games</general_area>
<specific_area>Cryptography</specific_area>
<description>Primegrid is generating a public sequential prime number database, and is searching for large twin primes of the form k*2<sup>n</sup>+1 and k*2<sup>n</sup>-1</description>
<general_area>Mathematics and strategy games</general_area>
<specific_area>Mathematics</specific_area>
<description>Search for 'abc-triples': positive integers a,b,c such that a+b=c, a < b < c, a,b,c have no common divisors and c > rad(abc), where rad(n) is the product of the distinct prime factors of n. The ABC conjecture says that there are only finitely many a,b,c such that log(c)/log(rad(abc)) > h for any real h > 1. The ABC conjecture is currently one of the greatest open problems in mathematics. If it is proven to be true, a lot of other open problems can be answered directly from it.</description>
<home>Mathematical Institute of Leiden University / Kennislink</home>
<description>To investigate the approximations that have to be made in state-of-the-art climate models. By running the model thousands of times we hope to find out how the model responds to slight tweaks to these approximations - slight enough to not make the approximations any less realistic. This will allow us to improve our understanding of how sensitive our models are to small changes and also to things like changes in carbon dioxide and the sulphur cycle. This will allow us to explore how climate may change in the next century under a wide range of different scenarios.</description>
<specific_area>Chemical engineering and nanotechnology</specific_area>
<description>The study of molecular magnets and controlled nanoscale magnetism. These magnetic molecules may be used to develop tiny magnetic switches, with applications in medicine (such as local tumor chemotherapy) and biotechnology.</description>
<home>Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences</home>
<description>The uFluids project simulates two-phase fluid behavior in microgravity and microfluidics problems. Our goal is to design better satellite propellant management devices and address two-phase flow in microchannel and MEMS devices.</description>
<description>Surface science calculations using Classical Dynamics. In contrast to other projects, Leiden Classical allows volunteers, students and other scientist to submit their personal calculations to the grid. Each user has his own personal queue for Classical Dynamics jobs. In this way students have used the grid to simulate liquid argon, or to test the validity of the ideal gas law by actually doing the simulations through the grid.</description>
<description>The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a particle accelerator which is being built at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, the world's largest particle physics laboratory. When it switches on in 2007, it will be the most powerful instrument ever built to investigate on particles proprieties. LHC@home simulates particles traveling around the LHC to study the stability of their orbits.</description>
<home>CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research)</home>
<description>SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) is a scientific area whose goal is to detect intelligent life outside Earth. One approach, known as radio SETI, uses radio telescopes to listen for narrow-bandwidth radio signals from space. Such signals are not known to occur naturally, so a detection would provide evidence of extraterrestrial technology.</description>
<home>U.C. Berkeley Space Sciences Laboratory</home>
<description>Search for spinning neutron stars (also called pulsars) using data from the LIGO and GEO gravitational wave detectors. Einstein@Home is a World Year of Physics 2005 project supported by the American Physical Society (APS) and by a number of international organizations.</description>
<home>Univ. of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Albert Einstein Institute</home>
<specific_area>Humanitarian research on new and infectious disease, natural disasters and hunger.</specific_area>
<description>To further critical non-profit research on some of humanity's most pressing problems by creating the world's largest volunteer computing grid. Research includes HIV/AIDS, cancer, muscular dystrophy, dengue fever, and many more.</description>
<description>Simulation models of the transmission dynamics and health effects of malaria are an important tool for malaria control. They can be used to determine optimal strategies for delivering mosquito nets, chemotherapy, or new vaccines which are currently under development and testing. Such modeling is extremely computer intensive, requiring simulations of large human populations with a diverse set of parameters related to biological and social factors that influence the distribution of the disease. </description>
<description>Protein structure prediction starts from a sequence of amino acids and attempts to predict the folded, functioning, form of the protein. Predicting the structure of an unknown protein is a critical problem in enabling structure-based drug design to treat new and existing diseases.</description>
<description>Determine the 3-dimensional shapes of proteins in research that may ultimately lead to finding cures for some major human diseases. By running Rosetta@home you will help us speed up and extend our research in ways we couldn't possibly attempt without your help. You will also be helping our efforts at designing new proteins to fight diseases such as HIV, Malaria, Cancer, and Alzheimer's</description>
<description>To predict protein structure and function from genetic sequences, using the 'Brownian Dynamics' (BD) method. This method enables us to simulate more efficiently than conventional methods.</description>
<description>Calculate similarities between proteins. SIMAP provides a public database of the resulting data, which plays a key role in many bioinformatics research projects.</description>
<description>By joining Proteins@Home, you will be part of a large-scale protein structure prediction project and help to advance an important area of science. By increasing our knowledge of proteins, you will contribute to a better understanding of many diseases and pathologies, and to progress in both medicine and technology. Proteins@Home is not for profit.</description>
