attrs/CONTRIBUTING.rst

How To Contribute
=================

First off, thank you for considering contributing to ``attrs``!
It's people like *you* who make it is such a great tool for everyone.

This document is mainly to help you to get started by codifying tribal knowledge and expectations and make it more accessible to everyone.
But don't be afraid to open half-finished PRs and ask questions if something is unclear!


Workflow
--------

- No contribution is too small!
  Please submit as many fixes for typos and grammar bloopers as you can!
- Try to limit each pull request to *one* change only.
- *Always* add tests and docs for your code.
  This is a hard rule; patches with missing tests or documentation can't be accepted.
- Make sure your changes pass our CI_.
  You won't get any feedback until it's green unless you ask for it.
- Once you've addressed review feedback, make sure to bump the pull request with a short note.
  Maintainers don’t receive notifications when you push new commits.
- Don’t break `backward compatibility`_.


Code
----

- Obey `PEP 8`_ and `PEP 257`_.
  We use the ``"""``\ -on-separate-lines style for docstrings:

  .. code-block:: python

     def func(x):
         """
         Do something.

         :param str x: A very important parameter.

         :rtype: str
         """
- If you add or change public APIs, tag the docstring using ``..  versionadded:: 16.0.0 WHAT`` or ``..  versionchanged:: 16.2.0 WHAT``.
- Prefer double quotes (``"``) over single quotes (``'``) unless the string contains double quotes itself.


Tests
-----

- Write your asserts as ``expected == actual`` to line them up nicely:

  .. code-block:: python

     x = f()

     assert 42 == x.some_attribute
     assert "foo" == x._a_private_attribute

- To run the test suite, all you need is a recent tox_.
  It will ensure the test suite runs with all dependencies against all Python versions just as it will on Travis CI.
  If you lack some Python versions, you can can always limit the environments like ``tox -e py27,py35`` (in that case you may want to look into pyenv_, which makes it very easy to install many different Python versions in parallel).
- Write `good test docstrings`_.
- To ensure new features work well with the rest of the system, they should be also added to our `Hypothesis`_ testing strategy which you find in ``tests/util.py``.


Documentation
-------------

- Use `semantic newlines`_ in reStructuredText_ files (files ending in ``.rst``):

  .. code-block:: rst

     This is a sentence.
     This is another sentence.

- If you start a new section, add two blank lines before and one blank line after the header except if two headers follow immediately after each other:

  .. code-block:: rst

     Last line of previous section.


     Header of New Top Section
     -------------------------

     Header of New Section
     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

     First line of new section.
- If you add a new feature, demonstrate its awesomeness in the `examples page`_!
- If your change is noteworthy, add an entry to the changelog_.
  Use `semantic newlines`_, and add a link to your pull request:

  .. code-block:: rst

     - Added ``attr.validators.func()``.
       The feature really *is* awesome.
       [`#1 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/pull/1>`_]
     - ``attr.func()`` now doesn't crash the Large Hadron Collider anymore.
       The bug really *was* nasty.
       [`#2 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/pull/2>`_]


Local Development Environment
-----------------------------

You can (and should) run our test suite using tox_ however you’ll probably want a more traditional environment too.
We highly recommend to develop using the latest Python 3 release because ``attrs`` tries to take advantage of modern features whenever possible.

First create a `virtual environment <https://virtualenv.pypa.io/>`_.
It’s out of scope for this document to list all the ways to manage virtual environments in Python but if you don’t have already a pet way, take some time to look at tools like `pew <https://github.com/berdario/pew>`_, `virtualfish <http://virtualfish.readthedocs.io/>`_, and `virtualenvwrapper <http://virtualenvwrapper.readthedocs.io/>`_.

Next get an up to date checkout of the ``attrs`` repository:

.. code-block:: bash

    git checkout git@github.com:python-attrs/attrs.git

Change into the newly created directory and **after activating your virtual environment** install an editable version of ``attrs``:

.. code-block:: bash

    cd attrs
    pip install -e .

If you run the virtual environment’s Python and try to ``import attr`` it should work!

To run the test suite, you'll need our development dependencies which can be installed using

.. code-block:: bash

    pip install -r dev-requirements.txt

At this point

.. code-block:: bash

   python -m pytest

should work and pass!


Governance
----------

``attrs`` is maintained by `team of volunteers`_ that is always open for new members that share our vision of a fast, lean, and magic-free library that empowers programmers to write better code with less effort.
If you'd like to join, just get a pull request merged and ask to be added in the very same pull request!

**The simple rule is that everyone is welcome to review/merge pull requests of others but nobody is allowed to merge their own code.**

`Hynek Schlawack`_ acts reluctantly as the BDFL_ and has the final say over design decisions.


****

Please note that this project is released with a Contributor `Code of Conduct`_.
By participating in this project you agree to abide by its terms.
Please report any harm to `Hynek Schlawack`_ in any way you find appropriate.

Thank you for considering contributing to ``attrs``!


.. _`Hynek Schlawack`: https://hynek.me/about/
.. _`PEP 8`: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/
.. _`PEP 257`: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0257/
.. _`good test docstrings`: https://jml.io/pages/test-docstrings.html
.. _`Code of Conduct`: https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.rst
.. _changelog: https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/blob/master/CHANGELOG.rst
.. _`backward compatibility`: http://www.attrs.org/en/latest/backward-compatibility.html
.. _tox: https://tox.readthedocs.io/
.. _pyenv: https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv
.. _reStructuredText: http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/stable/rest.html
.. _semantic newlines: http://rhodesmill.org/brandon/2012/one-sentence-per-line/
.. _examples page: https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/blob/master/docs/examples.rst
.. _Hypothesis: https://hypothesis.readthedocs.io/
.. _CI: https://travis-ci.org/python-attrs/attrs/
.. _`team of volunteers`: https://github.com/python-attrs
.. _BDFL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benevolent_dictator_for_life